PRELIM LEC Flashcards
chemical process in which an acid reacts with a base
Neutralozation reactions
_____ ANY SUBSTANCE WHICH IS CAPABLE OF PROVIDING HYDROGEN IONS(PROTONS H^+) in aqueous soln.
_____ ANY SUBSTANCE CONTAINING HYDROXY GROUPS AND CAPABLE OF PROVIDING HYDROXIDE IONS IN AQUEOUS SOLN.
what concept is this?
acid
base
Arrhenius concept
____any substance capable of donatinhg a proton H+ in a chem rxn
____ any substance capable of accepting a proton H+ in a chem reaction
What concept
acid
base
Bronsted-Lowry concept
___Any substance which can accept a share in a pair of electrons in a reaction ELECTRON ACCEPTOR (ELECTROPHILIC)
____ Any substance that donates a pair of electrons to share with an acid in a rxn ELECTRON DONOR(NUCLEOPHILIC)
WHAT CONCEPT?
Lewis acid base concept
in this method, an accurately weighed sample of a pure acid or base is titrated to a well defined equivalence point using a known concentration of an acid or base using suitable indicator
Neutralization titration
acid:yellow base: green
malachite green
acid: red base: yellow
Methyl yellow
acid: yellow base: blue
Bromophenol blue
acid: pink base: yellow
methyl orange
acid: yellow base: blue
Bromecresol green
acid: red base: yellow
Methyl red
acid: yellow base: purple
Bromecresol purple
acid: yellow base: blue
aside bromecresol green and bromophenol blue
Bromothymol blue
acid yellow base red
phenol red
aside phenol red
ACID YELLOW BASE RED
CRESOL RED
ACID YELLOW BASE BLUE ASIDE THE 3 BROMEC
thymol blue
acid colorless base red
phenolphthalein
acid colorless base blue
Thymolphthalein
used to sharpen up the color change
Mixed indicators
have both acidic and basic properties eg. water, ethanol, methanol
Amphiprotic
neither acidic nor basic (inert solvent) benzene and carbon tetrachloride
aprotic
not acidic, most are extremely weak bases (nonionizable) ether dioxane
BAsic
does not posses ther acidic or basic properties, weaker acids and based can be titrated in them
inert solvents
very weak proton acceptor
does not compete effectively with weak bases for protons
protonated only by very strong acids
acetic acid
strongest of the common acids in acetic acid soln
Perchloric acid
added to remove water from aqueous perchloric acid
weak bases compete very effectively w/ acetic acic for protons
acetic anhydride
titration medium commonly used in nonaqueous titration
perchloric acid in acetic acid
very weak bases are used, oracet blue, quinalidine red,etc
indicators
corrects for any moisture in the glacial acetic acid that reacts with the perchloric acid
blanl determination
alcohol or an aprotic solvent, ethylenediamine
solvent
