PRELIM LAB Flashcards
MANIFESTATION OF DEFECTIVE PRODUCT?
improper labeling
discoloration
presence of cloudiness
presence of crystals
presence of precipitates
defined as the sum of all factors which contributes directly or indirectly to the safety, effectiveness and reliability of the product
QUALITY
refers to the sum of all the procedures undertaken to ensure the identity and purit of a particularly pharmaceutical product
qualty control
QC control gurantees within reasonable limits that a drug product
free from impurities
physically and chemically stable
contains the amount of active ingr. as stated in the label
provides optimal release of active ingr. when product is administered
the chemical substance being analyzed
analyte or active constituents
solution of a known concentration
titrant
chemical which changes color at the very near the equivalent
indicator
theoretical point at which equivalent amounts of analyte and titrant have reacted
equivalence point or stoichiometric point
point at which there occurs a sudden change in some property of the reaction mixture
end point
determination of normality or molarity of a solution
standardization
conc. expression and is defined as the number of equivalents of solute per liter or milliequivalents per ml of a soln
normality
expression of conc. of a soln. in terms of moles per liter
MOlarity
highly purified 99.99% ultrapure compound that serves as reference material in titration
primary standard
a compound whose purity 97-98% has been established by careful chemical analysis
SECONDARY STANDARD
the diff in volume or mass between the endpoint ans equivalence point
Titration error
sometimes it is necessary to add an excess of the standard titrant and the excess amount is titrated w/ a second standard titrant
back titration
direct addition of titrant to analyte
direct titration
adding excess amount of acid to a base to quatify w/base
residual titration(back titration)
needs to perform pre-treatment before titration
indirect titration
correcting errors, repeating the assay w/o the analyte
blank titration
acid yellow base violet
bromophenol blue
orange;yellow
methyl orange
yellow;blue
chlorophenol blue
yellow;blue
bromothymol blue
yellow;red
cresol red
colorless;red
phenolphthalein
principle in prep and standardization of hcl soln
neutralization-Alkalimetry
what prep is this based from chemical equation
2hcl + na2co3 -> 2Nacl + CO2 + h2o
Prep and standardization of hcl
titrant in experiment 1
hcl soln
analyte in experiment 1
anhydrous sodium carbonate (Na2CO3)
INDICATOR AND END POINT IN EXPERIMENT 1
METHYL ORANGE AND SALMON PINK ENDPOINT
WHAT IS EXPERIMENT 2
PREP AND STANDARDIZATION OF SODIUM HYDROXIDE SOLN
PRINCIPLE INVOLVED IN EXPERIMENT 2
NEUTRALIZATION ACIDIMETRY
TITRANT IN EXP 2
SODIUM HYDROXIDE SOLN
ANALYTE IN EXP 2
HCL
INDICATOR AND ENDPOINT IN EXP 2
PHENOLPTHALEIN AND LIGHT PINK COLOR ENDPOINT
refers to qualitatively assesig or quantitavely measuring the presence of, amount or functional activity of a target entity
assay
aspirin or?
acetylsalicylic acid
classification and uses of aspirin and side effects
NSAIDs
analgesic (pain relief)
antipyretic (reduces fever)
anti-inflammatory(inhibition of the synthesis of prostaglandins)
irritation of stomach or gut, indigestion and nausea
titrant for aspirin assay
hcl sln
analyte for aspirin assay
aspirin w/ sodium hydroxide soln
indicator and end point
phenolpthalein and disapearance of pink color
determination of volume of soln of a known conc.
volumetric soln
based on physical and chemical prop. of substance being analyzed
physiocolchemical analysis
separation by extraction, ppt, or other means of the constituents to be determined either in the natural state or in the form of definite compound
Gravimetric analysis
alkaloidal assaying, siponification
special methods
techniques used in physiocochemical analysis
chromatography
spectrophtometric
electrometric
therma condumetric
refratometric
polarimetric
manifest themselves
difficult to detect such as difference in judgement and skill of the analyst
intangible
indeterminate error
nature that occur in constancr manner in each of a series of determinations
personal error
apparatus error
poor calibration
detectable and may be eliminated
determinate error
from where is the british pharmacopoeia and what 3 cities
from great britain
london, dublin, edinburgh
1st american pharmacopoeia
lititz pharmacopoeia
who published lititz pharmacopoeia/father of USP and what date he submitted a plan for the creation of it
dr. lyman spalding
jan. 6 1817
homeopathic pharmacopoeia of US and used the principle of similarities
dr. samuel hahnermann
intl. pharmacopoeia
WHO
YEAR THAT LITITZ WAS USED IN US ARMY
1778
MASSACHUSETTS MED SOCIETY PUBLISHED __ PAGES PHARMACOPOEIA ON MONOGRAPHS ON ___ DRUGS OF PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS AND WHAT YEAR
272 PAGES, 536 DRUGS AND 1808
DATE WHEN DRAFT PHARMACOPOEIA WAS CONSOLIDATED
JAN 1 1820
DATE WHEN USP ENG AND LATIN WAS PUBLISHED
DEC 15 1820
1ST ED. OF NF UNOFFICIAL PREPARATIONS WAS PUBLISHED
1888
PHARMACOP. GRABT AUTHORITY FOR SUPPLEMENTS TO USP
1990
DATE THE TITLE NATIONAL FORMULARY OF UNOFFICIAL PREPARATIONS WAS CHANGED TO NF, WHO WAS THE PRES. AND WHAT ACT
JUNE 30, 1906
PRES. THEODORE ROOSEVELT
PURE FOOD AND DRUG ACT
YEAT USP DECIDED TO REVISE USP EVERY 5 YRS AND NF 10 YRS
1940 BUT NOW ITS ANNUALLY REVISED
YEAR USP PURCHASED NF
1975
1ST COMBINED COMPENDIUM WHAT USP , NF AND DATE
USP XX AND NF XV
JULY 1 1980
WHAT ED. OF USP AND NF WAS USED TO CHANGE FROM ROMAN TO ARABIC DICTATE EDITIONS AND WAHT YR
USP 23 AND NF 18
1995
YR USP-NF BECAME AN ANNUAL PUBLICATION
2002
principles involved in assay of aspirin
Neutralization and saponification of esters
ester cleaved back into carboxylic acid and an alcohol by reactions of water and base
Saponification
