Prelim Evals Flashcards
The standard test for the determination of glomerular filtration rate is the use of inulin. This carbohydrate is
A. Considered a glucose
B. Can be fermented to short chain fatty acids
C. Straight chains are linked alpha 1,4 glucosidic bonds
D. Readily soluble in water
D. Readily soluble in water
Inulin is a polysaccharide of fructose (a fructosan) found in tubers and roots of dahlias, artichokes, and dandelions. It is readily soluble in water and is used to determine the glomerular filtration rate, but it is not hydrolyzed by intestinal enzymes, so has no nutritional value harpers pg 377
According to the World Health Organizations Manual for the Treatment of Diarrhea, the infants usual diet should be continued during the illness and increased afterwards. If the child is at least 6 months old or already taking soft foods, he or she should be given cereals which contains starch. which of the following statement is true about starch.
A. Branching occurs every 12-14 glucose residues B. A homopolymer of glucose
C. It is an example of a fructosan
D. The nonbranching helical structure is the amylopectin
B. A homopolymer of glucose
A 55-year-old female came to the emergency room due to chest discomfort. Electrocardiogram revealed an irregular rate and rhythm at 150 beats per minute. You diagnose Atrial Fibrillation and decided to treat with Digoxin. which of the following is true of cardiac glycosides?
A. If the second group is an amine, the N-glycosidic bond is formed
B. The bond formed between adenine and ribose in ATP is an example of O-glycosidic bond
C. Acetal link is form between aldehyde and a hydroxy group
D. Glycosides are formed by condensation between the hydrogen atom of the anomeric carbon of a monosaccharide and a second compound
A. If the second group is an amine, the N-glycosidic bond is formed
A 25 year-old female medical clerk complained of dizziness. History revealed that she has not taken any meal since she woke up due to a busy surgical rotation. Considering, hypoglycemia in this patient, you mention food and drinks that would be helpful in this case. Your list would include
A. Whole wheat bread
B. Baked potatoes
C. Hand-boiled egg
D. White Rice
B. Baked potatoes
A 23 year old medical student had his breakfast at 6 AM. But at 8 AM, he admits to feeling a little hungry and can still hold on for another hour of lecture without snacks. Considering glycogen breakdown for glucose supply, which of the following statements about, which of the following statements about glycogen is true?
A. Consists of a homopolymer of glucose residues
B. A highly branched structure similar to starch in plants
C. Branching occurs every 24-30 glucose residues
D. Branching occurs via alpha 1,4 glucosidic bonds
B. A highly branched structure similar to starch in plants
- The number of possible isomers with 5 chiral carbons
A. 32
B. 5
C. 15
D. 8
A. 32
2^n
True of D and L isomerism
A. Enzymes responsible for the metabolism of the naturally occurring sugars are not specific for either of the D or L configuration
B. The carbon atom adjacent to the terminal alcohol carbon for glucose in carbon 5
C. The OH group around the carbon atom adjacent to the terminal alcohol carbon if on the right belongs to the L series
D. Either requires an achiral carbon
E. Either requires an asymmetric carbon or a achiral carbon
B. The carbon atom adjacent to the terminal alcohol carbon for glucose in carbon 5
As the emergency room physician, you frequently hear from both patients and their watchers referring to the intravenous dextrose, In biochemistry, this refers to
A. Glucose that is in the D series
B. Fructose that is dextrorotatory
C. Fructose that is in the L series
D. Glucose that is dextrorotatory
D. Glucose that is dextrorotatory
Beta anomers
A. in the chair structure this results in a downward projection.
B. in a cyclic farm this results in a horizontal projection
C. Can be applied to other carbons other than the anomeric carbon
D. OH being on the same side of the ring as the Carbon 6
D. OH being on the same side of the ring as the Carbon 6
A 50-year old female patient came in due to vaginal itchiness. Urinalysis revealed + 4 glucose by urinalysis. Which of the following statement is true to this case?
A. Glycosuria may present in poorly controlled diabetes
B. Glucose is fermented in the intestine causing osmotic diarrhea
C. Lack of the enzyme to metabolize glucose
D. Condition is similar to cellulose hydrolysis in the human colon
A. Glycosuria may present in poorly controlled diabetes
FC, 68 years old female, has Compensated Metabolic Acidosis. Choose the most probable ABG picture of FC
A. pH = 7.33 PaCO2 = 47 H0O3 = 30
B. pH = 7.36 Pac02 = 50 HCO3 = 28
C. pH = 7.33 PaC02 = 34 HCO3 = 18
D. pH = 7.37 PaC02 = 33 HC03 = 18
D. pH = 7.37 PaC02 = 33 HC03 = 18
pH- 7.35-7.45 (if within range = compensated) PaCO2 - 35-45 (Respiratory)
HCO3 - 22-26 (Metabolic)
