PRELIM: 1 Flashcards
is the foundation of biochemistry, which
studies health and disease.
Organic chemistry
is behind advancements in medicine, agriculture, materials, and energy. It drives new discoveries and solutions for global challenges.
Organic chemistry
is a vertical column of elements in the periodic table.
A group
helps predict how molecules will interact, essential for designing effective drug treatments.
Chemical Reaction
They rely on organic chemistry to understand how drugs work and how to safely administer them.
Doctors, pharmacists, and nurses
utilize organic chemistry to develop new drugs and therapies for various diseases.
Chemists, biologists, and biochemists
employ organic chemists to develop new products and processes
Pharmaceutical companies, biotechnology firms, and chemical manufacturers
Note that in the figure both group notations are given at the top of each group. The elements with atomic numbers
__, ___, ___, ___, and ___ (O, S, Se, Te, and Po) constitute Group VIA (old notation) or Group 16 (new notation).
8, 16, 34, 52, and 84
Note that in the figure both group notations are given at the top of each group. The elements with atomic numbers 8, 16, 34, 52, and 84 (___, ___, ___, ___, and ____) constitute Group VIA (old notation) or Group 16 (new notation)
O, S, Se, Te, and Po
is a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table.
A period
In the first notation, which has been in use for many years, groups are designated by using ____ ______ __ __ ___ ___ __ ___. In the second notation, which an international scientific commission recommended several years ago, the Arabic numbers 1 through 18 are used.
Roman numerals and the letters A and B
In the first notation, which has been in use for many years, groups are designated by using Roman numerals and the letters A and B. In the second notation, which an international scientific commission recommended several years ago, the Arabic numbers ___ _______ ___ are used.
1 through 18
is a general name for any element in Group IA of the periodic table, excluding hydrogen
Alkali metal
is a general name for any element in Group IIA of the periodic table.
Alkaline earth metal
is a general name for any element in Group VIIA of the periodic table.
Halogen
is a general name for any element in Group VIIIA of the periodic table.
Noble gas
The Halogens (___,___,___,___,___) are reactive elements that are gases at room temperature or become such at temperatures slightly above room temperature.
F, Cl, Br, I, At
are also soft, shiny metals, but they are only moderately reactive toward water.
Alkaline earth metal
are unreactive gases that undergo few, if any, chemical reactions
Noble gases
are soft, shiny metals that readily react with water
Alkali metals
(F, Cl, Br, I, At) are reactive elements that are gases at room temperature or become such at temperatures slightly above room temperature.
Halogens
During the __________ century, scientists began to look for order in the increasing amount of chemical information that had become available.
mid-nineteenth century
Noble gases (___, ___, ___, ___, ___, ___) are unreactive gases that undergo few, if any, chemical reactions.
He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn
During the mid-nineteenth century, scientists began to look for order in the increasing amount of chemical information that had become available. They knew that certain elements had properties that were very similar to those of other elements, and they sought reasons for these similarities in the hope that these similarities would suggest a method for arranging or classifying the elements.
The Periodic Law
