Prelab Quiz Flashcards

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1
Q

Controlled experiment

A

Scientists manipulate conditions and observe how this affects a measurable outcome

Can establish that one variable causes an outcome

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2
Q

Observational research

A

Some research questions can not readily be tested using controlled experiments for ethical or practical reasons, so we use observational studies to examine relationships between variables

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3
Q

Limitations of observational studies

A

Can not identify that one variable causes another

Can establish correlation between two variables

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4
Q

Exploratory research

A

Research without a clear hypothesis in mind

Leads to identification of variables to test for cause of an outcome

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5
Q

Hypothesis

A

Proposed explanation based on observations, prior scientific knowledge, prior experience, or critical reasoning

Must be testable

Should generate predictions of what would happen in experiments or what we should observe

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6
Q

Prediction

A

An expected outcome of a potential experiment or observation

What should be observed if a hypothesis is true

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7
Q

Rule of thumb for hypothesis

A

I expect to observe [prediction] because [hypothesis]

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8
Q

Independent variable

A

Variable that is manipulated in a controlled experiment to test whether it causes a change in an outcome

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9
Q

Dependent variable

A

Variable that is the outcome being measured in a controlled experiment

Dependent variables must be measurable/quantifiable

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10
Q

Controlled variables

A

Variables that are kept constant throughout an experiment

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11
Q

Where do you plot independent variable?

A

X-axis

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12
Q

Where do you plot dependent variable?

A

Y-axis

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13
Q

Positive control

A

Trial in an experiment that is expected to produce a strong positive result

Ensures that an assay is capable of producing a positive result

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14
Q

Example of positive control

A

All equipment/reagents are working

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15
Q

Negative control

A

Trial in an experiment that is expected to produce a strong negative (or minimal)result

Negative controls are useful as a BASELINE to compare results to

Often, this is the measure we would expect if the independent variable was not present

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16
Q

What results should positive and negative controls produce?

A

Results where the dependent variable is minimally or maximally affected

These controls help define the dynamic range of an assay (the range of the dependent variable we are confident we can detect)

17
Q

Do all experiments have negative and positive controls?

A

No

For example, it would be unethical to have a negative control group that receives no treatment for cancer

18
Q

What to do in case of a fire?

A

evacuate by turning left and leave via main exit

assemble in grassy space between building and Rollins

19
Q

What to do in case of chemical spills?

A

Report immediately to instructor

alert others

wash skin with soap and water immediately

20
Q

What to do in case of broken glassware?

A

Use a broom and dustpan and discard in designated glass waste container

21
Q

Medical Emergency Phone Number

A

7-6111

Emory’s Department of Public Safety

22
Q

Wipe down work area with…

A

alcohol

23
Q

What is the last thing to do to clean up?

A

Wash hands

24
Q

3 Sizes of Micropipettes

A

P1000 P200 P20

25
Q

What do red digits on micropipettes indicate?

A

A decimal before that digit

26
Q

What do you need to do before you pipette?

A

Put on a disposable tip

27
Q

1st stop on pipette

A

Corresponds to the volume that you have set the pipette to

28
Q

2nd stop on pipette

A

does not correspond to any volume

use to blow out remaining liquid

29
Q

What do you use ejector button for?

A

Eject the disposable tip into a trashcan