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A&P II Final Review > Prelab + quiz 2 - weeks 3-4 > Flashcards

Prelab + quiz 2 - weeks 3-4 Flashcards

1
Q

pulmonary trunk and pulmonary veins carry blood that is ______ oxygenated

A

poorly oxygenated

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2
Q

As blood flows into the arch of the aorta, which is the first vessel to branch off this portion of this large artery?

A

Brachiocephalic

*This artery is the first to branch off of the aorta (the arch of the aorta), and then it quickly divides into a right common carotid and right subclavian artery.

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3
Q

_____ transition vessels from capillaries to veins

A

venules

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4
Q

_____ contain valves, pressure is the lowest

A

veins

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5
Q

_____ - vessels in which pressure and velocity is the highest

A

arteries

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6
Q

_____ - primary resistance vessels to maintain blood pressure

A

arteriorioles

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7
Q

_____ - one cell thick, often have pores/fenestrations

A

capillaries

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8
Q

Name the specific structure that separates the right ventricle from the left ventricle.

A

interventricular septum

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9
Q

Which type of test would most likely be used to detect a heart arrhythmia?

A

electrocardiogram

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10
Q

Blood would flow directly from the brachial vein into which vessel?

A

axillary

  • a continuation of the brachial vein
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11
Q

Which specific valve prevents backflow into the heart chamber that pumps blood to the lungs?

A

Pulmonary valve

*This is the valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk, which leads to the lungs,

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12
Q

The “cardiac conduction system”, that actually initiates the action potentials that trigger myocardial contraction, consists of _____

A

specializes muscle cells

The SA node, AV node and other parts of the conduction system consist of specialized heart muscle cells that lose their ability to contract but gain the ability to initiate and conduct the impulses that trigger heart contraction.

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13
Q

Which hormone would typically have the least effect on blood pressure?

aldosterone
ADH
Epinephrine
glucagon

A

glucagon

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14
Q

Name a specific blood vessel that passes through the diaphragm.

A

thoracic into the abdominal aorta

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15
Q

What mechanism keeps diastolic blood pressure from going to zero, if it is the measurement while the heart is relaxing?

A

It is the recoil action of large elastic arteries.

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16
Q

___ ____ ____ - lead from the head and empty into the subclavian veins

A

external jugular veins

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17
Q

___ ____ - drain heart muscle of wastes

A

cardiac veins

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18
Q

_____ ____ - feed heart muscles with oxygen

A

coronary arteries

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19
Q

___ ____ ____ - begin as a “common” artery that branches

A

external carotid artery

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20
Q

____ ____ - vessels that lead TO the brain

A

vertebral arteries

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21
Q

Which specific division of the nervous system triggers vasoconstriction of the smooth muscles in artery walls to increase blood pressure?

A

sympathetic

this is the division that stimulates vasoconstriction, while lack of input leads to vasodilation. As vessels diameter changes, so does the amount of pressure within the vessels.

22
Q

Name a specific blood vessel from your list of selected vessels that most directly supplies oxygen to the brain.

A

internal carotid artery

23
Q

Which artery runs alongside the tibial nerve in the lower leg?

A

posterior tibial artery

24
Q

Which long superficial vessel from your list would be seen in both the leg and thigh cross sections?

A

great saphenous vein

25
Q

Which test would be most likely used to detect an arrhythmia?

A

electrocardiogram

26
Q

The volume of blood pumped per ventricle per minute is referred to as:

A

cardiac output

27
Q

pulmonary veins communicate with (heart chamber)

A

left atrium

28
Q

inferior vena cava communicate with (heart chamber)

A

right atrium

29
Q

aorta communicate with (heart chamber)

A

left ventricle

30
Q

pulmonary trunk communicate with (heart chamber)

A

right ventricle

31
Q

Which portion of the cardiac conduction system would typically initiate an impulse to trigger heart contraction?

A

SA node

32
Q

The heart chamber with the greatest workload would be the:

A

left ventricle

33
Q

The right subclavian artery emerges from which larger vessel?

A

Brachiocephalic artery

34
Q

Which layer of the heart wall consists of cardiac muscle?

A

myocardium

35
Q

What is the major determining factor about blood vessels that regularly changes resistance to blood flow?

A

vessel width

36
Q

Heart muscle could be described as all of the following EXCEPT:

cardiac
striated
smooth
involuntary

A

smooth

37
Q

in which type of vessel would valves be found

A

veins

38
Q

Which type of blood vessels were described as serving as a “blood reservoir”?

A

veins

39
Q

the inferior vena cava passes through

A

the diaphragm

40
Q

vessel in which a neck pulse may be tacken

A

carotid artery

41
Q

vein that leads into the subclavian vein

A

axillary vein

42
Q

vein often used for blood draws

A

median cubital vein

43
Q

artery located posterior to the knee

A

popliteal artery

44
Q

In a cardiac cycle, the phase of chamber relaxation is referred to as

A

diastole

45
Q

In which type of vessel would pressure be the highest?

A

arteries

46
Q

In which type of vessel would vasoconstriction/dilation regulate blood pressure?

A

arterioles

47
Q

Name a vein from your list of selected vessels that carries oxygen-rich blood.

A

pulmonary vein

48
Q

In which type of vessel would pressure be the lowest?

A

veins

49
Q

name one function of the pericardium

A

anchors the heart

50
Q

In which type of vessel would velocity be the slowest?

A

capillaries

**this would allow time for exchanges to take place between the blood and tissues.

51
Q

Which valve is found between the right atrium and the right ventricle?

A

tricuspid

A&P II Final Review (6 decks)

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