Prelab + quiz 2 - weeks 3-4

Question 1

pulmonary trunk and pulmonary veins carry blood that is ______ oxygenated

Answer 1

poorly oxygenated

Question 2

As blood flows into the arch of the aorta, which is the first vessel to branch off this portion of this large artery?

Answer 2

Brachiocephalic

*This artery is the first to branch off of the aorta (the arch of the aorta), and then it quickly divides into a right common carotid and right subclavian artery.

Question 3

_____ transition vessels from capillaries to veins

Answer 3

venules

Question 4

_____ contain valves, pressure is the lowest

Answer 4

veins

Question 5

_____ - vessels in which pressure and velocity is the highest

Answer 5

arteries

Question 6

_____ - primary resistance vessels to maintain blood pressure

Answer 6

arteriorioles

Question 7

_____ - one cell thick, often have pores/fenestrations

Answer 7

capillaries

Question 8

Name the specific structure that separates the right ventricle from the left ventricle.

Answer 8

interventricular septum

Question 9

Which type of test would most likely be used to detect a heart arrhythmia?

Answer 9

electrocardiogram

Question 10

Blood would flow directly from the brachial vein into which vessel?

Answer 10

axillary

• a continuation of the brachial vein

Question 11

Which specific valve prevents backflow into the heart chamber that pumps blood to the lungs?

Answer 11

Pulmonary valve

*This is the valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk, which leads to the lungs,

Question 12

The “cardiac conduction system”, that actually initiates the action potentials that trigger myocardial contraction, consists of _____

Answer 12

specializes muscle cells

The SA node, AV node and other parts of the conduction system consist of specialized heart muscle cells that lose their ability to contract but gain the ability to initiate and conduct the impulses that trigger heart contraction.

Question 13

Which hormone would typically have the least effect on blood pressure?

aldosterone
ADH
Epinephrine
glucagon

Answer 13

glucagon

Question 14

Name a specific blood vessel that passes through the diaphragm.

Answer 14

thoracic into the abdominal aorta

Question 15

What mechanism keeps diastolic blood pressure from going to zero, if it is the measurement while the heart is relaxing?

Answer 15

It is the recoil action of large elastic arteries.

Question 16

___ ____ ____ - lead from the head and empty into the subclavian veins

Answer 16

external jugular veins

Question 17

___ ____ - drain heart muscle of wastes

Answer 17

cardiac veins

Question 18

_____ ____ - feed heart muscles with oxygen

Answer 18

coronary arteries

Question 19

___ ____ ____ - begin as a “common” artery that branches

Answer 19

external carotid artery

Question 20

____ ____ - vessels that lead TO the brain

Answer 20

vertebral arteries

Question 21

Which specific division of the nervous system triggers vasoconstriction of the smooth muscles in artery walls to increase blood pressure?

Answer 21

sympathetic

this is the division that stimulates vasoconstriction, while lack of input leads to vasodilation. As vessels diameter changes, so does the amount of pressure within the vessels.

Question 22

Name a specific blood vessel from your list of selected vessels that most directly supplies oxygen to the brain.

Answer 22

internal carotid artery

Question 23

Which artery runs alongside the tibial nerve in the lower leg?

Answer 23

posterior tibial artery

Question 24

Which long superficial vessel from your list would be seen in both the leg and thigh cross sections?

Answer 24

great saphenous vein

Question 25

Which test would be most likely used to detect an arrhythmia?

Answer 25

electrocardiogram

Question 26

The volume of blood pumped per ventricle per minute is referred to as:

Answer 26

cardiac output

Question 27

pulmonary veins communicate with (heart chamber)

Answer 27

left atrium

Question 28

inferior vena cava communicate with (heart chamber)

Answer 28

right atrium

Question 29

aorta communicate with (heart chamber)

Answer 29

left ventricle

Question 30

pulmonary trunk communicate with (heart chamber)

Answer 30

right ventricle

Question 31

Which portion of the cardiac conduction system would typically initiate an impulse to trigger heart contraction?

Answer 31

SA node

Question 32

The heart chamber with the greatest workload would be the:

Answer 32

left ventricle

Question 33

The right subclavian artery emerges from which larger vessel?

Answer 33

Brachiocephalic artery

Question 34

Which layer of the heart wall consists of cardiac muscle?

Answer 34

myocardium

Question 35

What is the major determining factor about blood vessels that regularly changes resistance to blood flow?

Answer 35

vessel width

Question 36

Heart muscle could be described as all of the following EXCEPT: cardiac striated smooth involuntary

Answer 36

smooth

Question 37

in which type of vessel would valves be found

Answer 37

veins

Question 38

Which type of blood vessels were described as serving as a "blood reservoir"?

Answer 38

veins

Question 39

the inferior vena cava passes through

Answer 39

the diaphragm

Question 40

vessel in which a neck pulse may be tacken

Answer 40

carotid artery

Question 41

vein that leads into the subclavian vein

Answer 41

axillary vein

Question 42

vein often used for blood draws

Answer 42

median cubital vein

Question 43

artery located posterior to the knee

Answer 43

popliteal artery

Question 44

In a cardiac cycle, the phase of chamber relaxation is referred to as

Answer 44

diastole

Question 45

In which type of vessel would pressure be the highest?

Answer 45

arteries

Question 46

In which type of vessel would vasoconstriction/dilation regulate blood pressure?

Answer 46

arterioles

Question 47

Name a vein from your list of selected vessels that carries oxygen-rich blood.

Answer 47

pulmonary vein

Question 48

In which type of vessel would pressure be the lowest?

Answer 48

veins

Question 49

name one function of the pericardium

Answer 49

anchors the heart

Question 50

In which type of vessel would velocity be the slowest?

Answer 50

capillaries **this would allow time for exchanges to take place between the blood and tissues.

Question 51

Which valve is found between the right atrium and the right ventricle?

Answer 51

tricuspid