Prelab + quiz 2 - weeks 3-4 Flashcards
pulmonary trunk and pulmonary veins carry blood that is ______ oxygenated
poorly oxygenated
As blood flows into the arch of the aorta, which is the first vessel to branch off this portion of this large artery?
Brachiocephalic
*This artery is the first to branch off of the aorta (the arch of the aorta), and then it quickly divides into a right common carotid and right subclavian artery.
_____ transition vessels from capillaries to veins
venules
_____ contain valves, pressure is the lowest
veins
_____ - vessels in which pressure and velocity is the highest
arteries
_____ - primary resistance vessels to maintain blood pressure
arteriorioles
_____ - one cell thick, often have pores/fenestrations
capillaries
Name the specific structure that separates the right ventricle from the left ventricle.
interventricular septum
Which type of test would most likely be used to detect a heart arrhythmia?
electrocardiogram
Blood would flow directly from the brachial vein into which vessel?
axillary
- a continuation of the brachial vein
Which specific valve prevents backflow into the heart chamber that pumps blood to the lungs?
Pulmonary valve
*This is the valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk, which leads to the lungs,
The “cardiac conduction system”, that actually initiates the action potentials that trigger myocardial contraction, consists of _____
specializes muscle cells
The SA node, AV node and other parts of the conduction system consist of specialized heart muscle cells that lose their ability to contract but gain the ability to initiate and conduct the impulses that trigger heart contraction.
Which hormone would typically have the least effect on blood pressure?
aldosterone
ADH
Epinephrine
glucagon
glucagon
Name a specific blood vessel that passes through the diaphragm.
thoracic into the abdominal aorta
What mechanism keeps diastolic blood pressure from going to zero, if it is the measurement while the heart is relaxing?
It is the recoil action of large elastic arteries.
___ ____ ____ - lead from the head and empty into the subclavian veins
external jugular veins
___ ____ - drain heart muscle of wastes
cardiac veins
_____ ____ - feed heart muscles with oxygen
coronary arteries
___ ____ ____ - begin as a “common” artery that branches
external carotid artery
____ ____ - vessels that lead TO the brain
vertebral arteries
Which specific division of the nervous system triggers vasoconstriction of the smooth muscles in artery walls to increase blood pressure?
sympathetic
this is the division that stimulates vasoconstriction, while lack of input leads to vasodilation. As vessels diameter changes, so does the amount of pressure within the vessels.
Name a specific blood vessel from your list of selected vessels that most directly supplies oxygen to the brain.
internal carotid artery
Which artery runs alongside the tibial nerve in the lower leg?
posterior tibial artery
Which long superficial vessel from your list would be seen in both the leg and thigh cross sections?
great saphenous vein
Which test would be most likely used to detect an arrhythmia?
electrocardiogram
The volume of blood pumped per ventricle per minute is referred to as:
cardiac output
pulmonary veins communicate with (heart chamber)
left atrium
inferior vena cava communicate with (heart chamber)
right atrium
aorta communicate with (heart chamber)
left ventricle
pulmonary trunk communicate with (heart chamber)
right ventricle
Which portion of the cardiac conduction system would typically initiate an impulse to trigger heart contraction?
SA node
The heart chamber with the greatest workload would be the:
left ventricle
The right subclavian artery emerges from which larger vessel?
Brachiocephalic artery
Which layer of the heart wall consists of cardiac muscle?
myocardium
What is the major determining factor about blood vessels that regularly changes resistance to blood flow?
vessel width
Heart muscle could be described as all of the following EXCEPT:
cardiac
striated
smooth
involuntary
smooth
in which type of vessel would valves be found
veins
Which type of blood vessels were described as serving as a “blood reservoir”?
veins
the inferior vena cava passes through
the diaphragm
vessel in which a neck pulse may be tacken
carotid artery
vein that leads into the subclavian vein
axillary vein
vein often used for blood draws
median cubital vein
artery located posterior to the knee
popliteal artery
In a cardiac cycle, the phase of chamber relaxation is referred to as
diastole
In which type of vessel would pressure be the highest?
arteries
In which type of vessel would vasoconstriction/dilation regulate blood pressure?
arterioles
Name a vein from your list of selected vessels that carries oxygen-rich blood.
pulmonary vein
In which type of vessel would pressure be the lowest?
veins
name one function of the pericardium
anchors the heart
In which type of vessel would velocity be the slowest?
capillaries
**this would allow time for exchanges to take place between the blood and tissues.
Which valve is found between the right atrium and the right ventricle?
tricuspid
