Prejudice Sexual Minorities

Question 1

Homophobia definition

Answer 1

Weinberg 1972
The dread of being near homosexuals
Related to a personal discomfort
Can be related to any reaction that does not value the homosexual rights and lifestyle

All valid but is it really a phobia? How does it feel to fear of spiders? Arachnophobia
Is there a better term

Question 2

Alternative names to homophobia

Answer 2

Sexual prejudice -

Heterosexism

Homonegativity

Question 3

Sexual prejudice

Answer 3

Defined as all negative attitudes based on sexual orientation wether the individual is homosexual bisexual or heterosexual
Focused on the negative aspects of sexuality based prejudice
A foundational aspect of measurement the ATLG
Herek 1984

Question 4

Heterosexism

Answer 4

Believing heterosexuality is superior than other sexualities
More subtle concept than homophobia, suggests homosexuality is deviant
Permeates society through institutions and workplace
Berkman and zingberg (1997)

Question 5

Homonegativity

Answer 5

Hudson and ricketts 1980
Term which encompasses behaviour, beliefs, affective responses
Sees homophobia term as still valid but for extremely strong reactions

Question 6

Have things improved for homosexuals

Answer 6

Less prejudice overall, people now take pride in being gay and marriage is becoming legal etc but attitudes still remain

Question 7

Attitudes to homosexuals

Answer 7

People report less homophobia but homosexuals still report verbal attacks, discrimination, physical attacks strong association between discrimination and self harm
Suggests attitudes are manifested covertly same way as modern racism is
Less socially acceptable to be homophobic so people hide it
Morrison and Morrison 2002 say attitudes to gays and lesbians are subtle

Question 8

Globally homophobia

Answer 8

Still illegal to be gay in many countries western world more accepting whereas Middle East and Africa Muslim countries it can be a death sentence
Religious beliefs a factor
Stereotypes exist everywhere

Question 9

Homoprejudice

Answer 9

New term suggested
Encompasses both negative and hostile and positive expressions of prejudice toward sexual minority’s
Retains its relevance to allports 1954 claim
The net affect of prejudice is to place the object of prejudice at some disadvantge mor merited by its own misconduct

Question 10

Ambivalent prejudice

Answer 10

Ambivalent prejudice is a social psychological theory that states that, when people become aware that they have conflicting beliefs about an outgroup (a group of people that do not belong to an individual’s own group), they experience an unpleasant mental feeling generally referred to as cognitive dissonance.