Prejudice Flashcards
Prejudice
a preconceived negative judgment of a group and its individual members
Stereotype
a belief about the personal attributes of a group of people. They are sometimes overgeneralized, inaccurate, and resistant to new information
Discrimination
unjustified negative behavior toward a group or its members
Racism
(1) an individual’s prejudicial attitudes and discriminatory behavior toward people of a given race, or (2) institutional practices (even if not motivated by prejudice) that subordinate people of a given race
Sexism
(1) an individual’s prejudicial attitudes and discriminatory behavior toward people of a given sex, or (2) institutional practices (even if not motivated by prejudice) that subordinate people of a given sex
Authoritarian personality
a personality that is disposed to favor obedience to authority and intolerance of outgroups and those lower in status
Realistic group conflict theory
the theory that prejudice arises from competition between groups for scarce resources
Ingroup
“us” - a group of people who share a sense of belonging, a feeling of common identity
Outgroup
“they” - a group that people perceive as distinctively different from or apart from their ingroup
Ingroup bias
the tendency to favor one’s own group
Terror management
according to “terror management theory,” people’s self-protective emotional and cognitive responses (including adhering more strongly to their cultural worldviews and prejudices) when confronted with reminders of their mortality.
Own-race bias
the tendency for people to more accurately recognize faces of their own race
Outgroup homogeneity effect
perception of outgroup members as more similar to one another than are ingroup members. Thus “they” are alike; we are diverse
Stigma consciousness
a person’s expectation of being victimized by prejudice or discrimination
Just-world phenomenon
the tendency of people to believe that the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get
