Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

HBM > Pregnancy through preschool > Flashcards

Pregnancy through preschool Flashcards

1
Q

What age is considered infancy?

A

Birth to 18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the toddler years?

A

18 months - 3 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the preschool years?

A

3-6 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does it mean that humans are holistic?

A

Humans are integrated systems, each area of development is in continual interaction with one another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does it mean that development is hierarchical?

A

Psychological growth is a process of increasing complexity; new structures emerge out of those that came before.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does it mean that development is uneven?

A

Growth and progress are not linear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are salient issues at each stage?

A

Tasks at each stage of development that must be mastered to progress to the next stage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the most protective factor to instability?

A

Social support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is considered as premature birth?

A

Less than 37 weeks gestation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is considered very premature birth?

A

Less than 32 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are risk factors for very premature birth?

A

Health problems
Mental disability
Motor retardation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the steps of the APGAR score?

A 
Appearance
Pulse
Grimace (reflexes/cough)
Activity (muscle tone etc)
Respiration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the basic infant reflexes?

A 
Rooting
Sucking
Palmar grasp
Moro (limbs extend when child startled)
Babinski (dorsiflexion of toes when foot is stroked)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Persistence of infant reflexes past ________ might indicate neurologic dysfunction

A

1 year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What percentage of women experience “baby blues”?

A

50-75% of women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is peripartum depression?

A

Major depression.

Mood disorder characterized by feelings of hoplessness and helplessness/possible suicidal thoughts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When is the onset of peripartum depression?

A

Before delivery or within the first 4 weeks after

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What percentage of women experience peripartum depression?

A

10-13%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Do we gain control of central or peripheral features first?

A

Central (e.g. arm before finger)

And head before legs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How can social stresses (moving, birth) affect development?

A

Can cause regression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Are difficult children at the highest risk of pathophysiology?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are Erik Erikson’s critical periods?

A 
Birth - 1 yr Trust vs Mistrust
1-3 yrs Autonomy vs shame/doubt
3-6 yrs Initiative vs guilt
7-11 yrs Industry vs inferiority
12-18 yrs identity vs role confusion
Young adult Intimacy vs. isolation
Adulthood Generativity vs. stagnation
Maturity Integrity vs. despair
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What were Freud’s stages of development?

A 
Birth-1 yr Oral
1-3 yrs Anal
3-6 yrs Phallic
7-11 yrs Latency
12-18 yrs Genital
24
Q

What are Jean Piaget’s theories of development?

A

Birth-2 yrs Sensorimotor
2-6 yrs Preoperational (egocentric)
7-11 yrs Concrete Operational
12-adult Formal Operational

25
What are some developmental features of infancy?
``` Social smile (1-2 mos) Responsiveness to mother (4-6 mos) Stranger anxiety (9 mos) Object permanence (1 yr) Separation anxiety ```
26
Separation _____ than 6 months leads to attachment issues that cant be rehabilitated.
Greater
27
What are signs of reactive attachment disorder?
Child is withdrawn Limited emotional responsiveness Does not seek comfort Unexplaied
28
What causes reactive attachment disorder?
Grossly pathological care
29
What is disinhibited social engagement and what causes?
No fear of unfamiliar adults often caused by neglect.
30
What are motor development points through infancy?
``` 0-2 mos follows objects with eyes 2-3 mos lifts shoulders 4-6 mos Turns over and reaches for objects 7-11 mos sits unassisted and crawls 12-15 mos walks unassisted ```
31
What are social development points in infancy?
``` 0-2 mos comforted by voice 2-3 mos social smile to human face 4-6 mos recognition of familiar people 7-11 mos stranger anxiety 12-15 mos fearful when separated from primary attachment figure ```
32
What are verbal/cognitive points in infancy?
``` 0-2 mos different cries for hunger/pain 2-3 mos coos 4-6 mos Repeats single sounds 7-11 mos Responds to names and simple instructions 12-15 Say first words, object permanence ```
33
What are developmental features of toddler years?
Attachment and separation Bladder control Parallel play to pretend play Burst in language
34
When is gender identity developed?
Around 3 years
35
How many words do you have by age 3?
900 words
36
What are features of preschool years?
``` Social interaction increases Vocab increase Imaginary friends Nighttime struggles Fears common Behavioral insomnia of childhood ```
37
At what age do you develop conversation of mass?
Age 7
38
What is enuresis?
Repeated involuntary or intentional bed wetting/wetting of clothes. Must be 5 years old to receive diagnosis
39
What is the treatment for enuresis?
Classical conditioning approach (bell and pad technique)
40
What is a common trigger of enuresis?
Stressful events
41
What is Rett syndrome?
Years of normal functioning and then a decline. More common in girls.
42
What is childhood disinitegrative disorder?
Rare condition characterized by social, verbal, and cognitive motor development after 2-10 years of normal function. More common in boys.
43
What percentage of babies are born prematurely? Very prematurely?
12%, 2%
44
What is associated with premature birth and infant mortality?
Low-income (lack of prenatal care)
45
At what age does object permanence develop?
~9 months
46
At what age does special responsiveness to mother appear?
4-6 months
47
What kind of play do toddlers practice?
Parallel (non-cooperative) play
48
At what age do kids identify colors, develop a gender identity, and speak in complete sentences?
3 years
49
Encopresis/enuresis cannot be diagnosed until age _____.
4-5
50
When does cooperative play begin?
4 years
51
How long should you postpone elective surgery?
6-7 years old
52
At what age do kids understand the finality of death?
6 years
53
At what age do children develop a conscience and idea of morality?
6 years
54
What are some characteristics of ASDs?
Difficulty forming relationships Will not point to direct someone elses attention Do not play imaginative games May engage in repetitive/injurious behavior
55
Does there appear to be a genetic component to ASDs?
Yes

HBM (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions