Pregnancy, Labour & Birth Complications Flashcards
3 serious maternal health complications affecting pregnancy and postpartum
- Hypertensive disorders
- Venous thromboembolic conditions
- Postpartum hemorrhage
What is the acronym which describes prenatal hypertension/preeclampsia?
HELLP (Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes and Low Platelets)
When can preeclampsia and eclampsia occur?
Can occur in pregnancy or present after birth, especially in the first 24-48 hours and up to two weeks postpartum.
Postpartum blood pressure peaks between 3-5 days.
Describe classic presentation of pre eclampsia
high blood pressure, visual disturbances, headaches, proteinuria, epigastric pain or vomiting, liver tenderness, signs of clonus. (Note that sometimes the only symptom is a vague feeling of being unwell)
What is the risk of venous thromboembolism in pregnancy compared to non pregnant population?
5-10 times higher risk in pregnancy
Which pregnant individuals are most at risk for DVT?
Smokers, BMI greater than 30, sedentary, gross varicose veins, dehydrated (hyperemesis)
Define Post partum hemorrhage
Blood loss of more than 500ml following vaginal delivery, severe PPH more than 1000ml
primary PPH vs secondary PPH
primary: first 24 hours postpartum
secondary: up to 6 weeks postpartum
Risk factors for PPH
antepartum bleeding, iron-deficiency anemia at the end of pregnancy, uterine atony
Four T’s which describe cause of PPH
- Tone (poor uterine tone)
- Tissue (retained products)
- Trauma (Lacerations of the genital tract)
- Thrombin (disorders of coagulation)
When can Sheehan’s syndrome occur?
After massive PPH that affects blood flow to the pituitary
What happens in Sheehan’s syndrome?
Atrophy of the pituitary can affect production of prolactin, negatively impacting milk production
Name of CDC campaign to increase public awareness of maternal health warning signs in pregnancy and first year postpartum
Hear Her
