Pregnancy and childbirth Chapter 12

Question 1

What are the 3 categories of the signs and symptoms of pregnancy?

Answer 1

1) presumptive signs
2) probable signs
3) positive signs

Question 2

How are suspicions of pregnancy confirmed?

Answer 2

Pregnancy test which detects HCG in the urine

Question 3

What is the formula for calculated the birthday called?

Answer 3

Naegele’s formula, counting 280 from the beginning of last menstrual period

Question 4

What do call the agents that can disrupt prenatal development?

Answer 4

Teratogens

Question 5

What are examples of teratogens?

Answer 5

drugs, alcohol, nicotine and diseases

Question 6

What are the 3 prenatal development periods?

Answer 6

1) . germinal
2) . embryonic
3) . fetal period

Question 7

What 4 areas should couples prepare themselves for childbirth?

Answer 7

1) physical
2) social
3) intellectual
4) emotional

Question 8

Labor may be divided in to what 3 stages?

Answer 8

1) . dilation
2) childbirth
3) after birth

Question 9

Name 5 signs of Presumptive signs of pregnancy.

Answer 9

1) no period
2) morning sickness
3) fulness of breasts
4) need to pee a lot
5) very sleepy

Question 10

Name signs of probable signs of pregnancy.

Answer 10

1) positive pregnancy test
2) darkening of vaginal tissues and cervical mucous membrane
3) softening of cervical tissue
4) enlargement of abdomen and uterus
5) mapping of fetus
6) intermittent contractions of uterus
7) increase of basal body temperature

Question 11

Name Positive signs of pregnancy.

Answer 11

1) feel fetus move
2) hear fetal heartbeat
3) electrical tracing of fetal heart
4) doubling of HCG levels
5) fetal outline by ultrasound
6) x-ray of fetal skeleton

Question 12

What is HCG?

Answer 12

Human chorionic gonadotropin

Question 13

How soon is HCG detectable?

Answer 13

2-3 days after implantation

Question 14

Duration of pregnancy is estimated at how many days?

Answer 14

280 days

Question 15

What percent of women have their babies deliver either 1 week before or after due date.

Answer 15

46%

Question 16

What percent of women deliver 2 weeks before or after due date?

Answer 16

80%

Question 17

Reactions to pregnancy depends on what factors?

Answer 17

1) is it planned
2) does couple want child
3) are they ready
4) accomplished personal goals
5) financial security
6) status of relationship

Question 18

Why do single women experience greater psychological risk and more complications during pregnancies.

Answer 18

inadequate social support

Question 19

The woman’s reaction to pregnancy is strongly related to what things.

Answer 19

financial and emotional support and help from partner

Question 20

What percent of women receive not prenatal care until last trimester or no care at all?

Answer 20

nearly 4%

Question 21

Which race has highest rate of no prenatal care?

Answer 21

Native Americans/Alaskan at 7.9%
Black 5.7%
Hispanics 5.5%
Puerto Rican 3.9%
White 3.0%
Cuban 2.9%

Question 22

When are teratogens agents most risky for the fetus?

Answer 22

The first 2-3 months of gestations

Question 23

What percent of children born to mothers who drink excessively have difficulties?

Answer 23

40-50%

Question 24

What is the leading cause of birth defects in the US?

Answer 24

Fetal alcohol syndrome

Question 25

What is the difference between Fetal alcohol syndrome FAS and Fetal alcohol effect FAE?

Answer 25

FAS- excessive drinking | FAE- moderate drinking during pregnancy

Question 26

What % of women are affected by pregnancy-induced hypertension?

Answer 26

5%

Question 27

The premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall is called_____________?

Answer 27

abruptio placentae (placental abruption)

Question 28

What is a complication of pregnancy in which placenta grows over the cervix opening?

Answer 28

placenta previa

Question 29

What is an attachment and growth of the embryo in any location other than inside the uterus?

Answer 29

ectopic pregnancy

Question 30

What is a tubal pregnancy?

Answer 30

attachment and growth in fallopian tube

Question 31

What is a condition where mother has RH-negative blood and fetus has Rh-positive blood called?

Answer 31

Rh incompatibility

Question 32

What is the most important of all characteristic that impact couples to be parents?

Answer 32

Psychological characteristics

Question 33

When couples become parents the most important factor in understanding their decision and its effect is ________________?

Answer 33

whether the partners agree on the decision

Question 34

What is the Current estimates of all births are to unwed mothers?

Answer 34

40%

Question 35

What are the factors for single motherhood ?

Answer 35

economic factors change in social attitudes psychological motivations

Question 36

What are the 3 sets of factors in deciding to be a parent?

Answer 36

Economic Structural Psychosocial

Question 37

Structural factors include:

Answer 37

Mom working childcare ability to support a child cultural beliefs

Question 38

Psychosocial factor refers to:

Answer 38

According to Erickson, seeking opportunities to to act in a generative way.

Question 39

Ideal biological clock is what age?

Answer 39

18-36

Question 40

What are benefits of older mothers?

Answer 40

in steady relationships, | greater income, better resources

Question 41

How long can sperm live in woman?

Answer 41

up to 6 days

Question 42

germinal period lasts how long?

Answer 42

2 weeks

Question 43

embryonic period lasts from when?

Answer 43

2nd -8th week

Question 44

Fetal period is when?

Answer 44

9th week to birth

Question 45

What is the "age of viability"

Answer 45

23-26 weeks

Question 46

When is a very critical period of development?

Answer 46

3rd of 4th week

Question 47

Teratogens have effect on embryo in 3 areas?

Answer 47

1. the dose 2. time of exposure 3 genetic susceptibility

Question 48

labor can last how long? what is the median length of 1st births?

Answer 48

12-24 hours | 10.6 hours

Question 49

What is considered low birth weight?

Answer 49

full term 5 1/2 pounds

Question 50

Low birth weight occurs in what percent of pregnancies in us?

Answer 50

4%-8%

Question 51

What is considered preterm birth?

Answer 51

3 weeks early

Question 52

What is the APGAR scale?

Answer 52

measures neonatal health

Question 53

What does Apgar stand for?

Answer 53

``` Appearance Pulse Grimace Activity (muscle tone) Respiration ```

Question 54

Postpartum period lasts how long?

Answer 54

6 weeks

Question 55

What percent of couples claimed transition into parenthood caused severe crisis in marriage and was due to what factors?

Answer 55

``` 83% cohesion in family prep for parenthood adjustments after birth years married ```

Question 56

What percent couples reported only having slight reaction to birth?

Answer 56

86%

Question 57

Greatest difficulty after birth for women?

Answer 57

Physical exhaustion

Question 58

Greatest difficulty for husbands?

Answer 58

pressure to provide, longer to bond with child, feel ignored by wife,

Question 59

Changes for couples include?

Answer 59

less free time, | more work,