Pregnancy and Amniotic Fluid Flashcards
Four functions of the placenta
- keeps maternal and fetal circulation systems separate
- Nourishes the fetus
- Eliminates fetal waste
- Produces hormones vital to pregnancy
Protein that stimulates the ovary to produce progesterone in order to protect the pregnancy
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
Protein hormone that has potent growth and lactogenic properties
Placental lactogen
These steroid hormones ensure appropriate development of endometrium, uterine growth, adequate uterine blood supply and preparation of the uterus for labor
Estrogens (estradiol, estriol, esterone) and progesterone
Two functions of amniotic fluid
- Cushions baby against possible injury
2. Helps maintain a constant temperature
How many days after conception can hCG can detected in the serum?
B/w 8 and 11 days
When does normal doubling time of hCG in early pregnancy occur?
About two days in early pregnancy
When do hCG levels peak in a normal pregnancy?
Near the end of the first trimester
Describe hCG levels and its doubling time in an ectopic pregnancy
hCG concentration is less in ectopic pregnancies and the doubling time is nearly always greater than 2 days
Serum ____ concentrations are often low in mothers w/ abnormal pregnancies
Progesterone
Symptoms of pre-eclampsia
Hypertension, proteinuria, and edema
Symptoms of eclampsia
Convulsions, rapid and sustained rise in blood pressure, DIC, and intravascular deposition of fibrin w/ subsequent end-organ damage
What does HELLP stand for?
Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, Low Platelet counts
Symptoms of HELLP syndrome
Thrombocytopenia, DIC, epigastric pain, malaise, nausea, vomiting, headache, LD/ALT/AST elevated; treatment is delivery
Chromosomal abnormality present in Down Syndrome
3 copies of c’some 21 (Trisomy 21)
Chromosomal abnormality in Edward’s syndrome
Extra copy of c’some 18 (Trisomy 18)