PREFINALS - LESSON 1

Question 1

They are distinct social and cultural groups that share collective ancestral ties to the lands and natural resources where they live, occupy or from which they have been displaced.

Answer 1

Indigenous People

Question 2

Indigenous people have rich and ancient cultures and view their social, economic, environmental and spiritual systems as

Answer 2

interdependent

Question 3

Indigenous people make valuable contributions to the world’s heritage thanks to their

Answer 3

traditional knowledge and their understanding of ecosystem management

Question 4

any of various ethnic groups in the mountains of ________, Philippines, all of whom keep, or have kept until recently, their traditional religion and way of life.

Answer 4

IGOROT - northern luzon

Question 4

Igorot languages belong to the northern Luzon subgroup of the Philippine languages, which belong to the ______

Answer 4

Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian) family.

Question 5

The Igorot peoples are_________. They were known in earlier days for their _____ and practice of ______

Answer 5

Austronesians
wars and headhunting.

Question 6

Cultural elements common to the Igorot peoples as a whole include _____________, ______, and _________.

Answer 6

metalworking in iron and brass
weaving
animal sacrifice

Question 7

IGOROT believe in spirits, including those of ancestors, and have complex rituals to propitiate them. There are no clans or tribes, and political organization is generally limited to the village level.

TRUE OR FALSE

Answer 7

TRUE

Question 8

What does ICC stand for?

Answer 8

indigenous cultural communities

Question 9

the indigenous cultural communities (ICC) in the Philippines are believed to make up about ___percent of the national population. Also known as _______,

Answer 9

ten percent
cultural minorities

Question 10

in 1986, fifteen of the more than eighteen ICC in Mindanao adopted the term Lumad, a Bisayan word for-__________to distinguish themselves from the Christians and Muslims in Mindanao.

Answer 10

“native” or “indigenous,”

Question 11

R.A.________, enacted during __________ time, used the term to differentiate these ethnic communities from the __________

Answer 11

Republic Act 6734
Corazon Aquino’s
Bangsamoro people.

Question 12

Lumad are non-Muslim or non-Christian, although “the orientation of their cultural developments … appears to be toward the Muslim groups” ________

Answer 12

(Jocano, 1998).

Question 13

The anthropologist __________stresses that “in most cases, language is the only differentiating element in ethnic cultures, particularly among those which occupy adjacent and contiguous territory.”

Answer 13

Felipe Landa Jocano

Question 14

Most of the ICC in Mindanao speak languages belonging to the _______ family of languages, except the _____,_____ and _____

Answer 14

Manobo
Blaan, T’boli, and Teduray.

Question 15

According to the book what are the six things that lumad wants

Answer 15

1. Land Rights: Lumad demand the return of lands taken through deceit or illegal means.
2. Resource Control: Cancel permits for logging, mining, etc., in Lumad territories, allowing operations only with tribal permission.
3. Settler Migration: Control the migration of settlers into Lumad ancestral domains.
4. Cultural Respect: Ensure Lumad culture is respected, learned, and included in DepEd curriculum.
5. Militarization: Stop militarization, recruitment into paramilitary units, and misuse of Lumad Pangayaw.
6. Legitimacy: Cease recognition of fake Lumad organizations and leaders to protect genuine aspirations.

Question 16

Is an umbrella term that refers to several indigenous communities on the island of Mindoro in the Philippines.

Answer 16

MANGYAN

Question 17

what are the eight recognized mangyan groups

Answer 17

Iraya, Alangan, Tadyawan, Tawbuid, Bangon, Buhid, Hanunuo, and Ratagnon.

Question 18

Mangyan is the generic name for the eight indigenous groups found on the island of _______, southwest of the island of Luzon, the Philippines, each with its own tribal name, language, and customs

Answer 18

Mindoro

Question 19

A certain group of Mangyans living in ______Mindoro calls themselves ___________, meaning _____,_____, or _____, a term that they use to stress the fact that they are strict in the sense of ancestral preservation of tradition and practices.

Answer 19

Southern
Hanunuo Mangyans
“true”, “pure” or “genuine”

Question 20

The Supreme Being who gave life to all human beings merely by gazing at them.

Answer 20

Mahal na Makaako

Question 21

Owner of a garden where all spirits rest.

Answer 21

Binayi

Question 22

The spirit aided by 12 fierce dogs. Erring souls are chased by these dogs and eventually drowned in a cauldron of boiling water. He is Binayo’s husband.

Answer 22

Bulungabon

Question 23

Is a sacred female spirit, caretaker of the rice spirits or the kalag paray. She is married to the spirit Bulungabon. The kalag paray must be appeased, to ensure a bountiful harvest. It is for this reason that specific rituals are conducted in every phase of rice cultivation. Some of these rituals include the panudlak, the rite of the first planting; the rite of rice planting itself; and the rites of harvesting which consist of the magbugkos or binding rice stalks, and the pamag-uhan, which follows the harvest.

Answer 23

Binayo

Question 24

It is the only differentiating element in ethnic cultures, particularly those that live in close proximity.

Answer 24

LANGUAGE