Prefinals Flashcards
It is an art of rhythmic bodily movements that projects an ordered sequence of moving visual patterns of line, solid shape, and colour.
Dance
According to ___, the postures and gestures created by these visual patterns suggest kinaesthetic experiences of tension, relaxation, and emotional moods and attitudes.
Munro
These are the indiginenous dances of any specific “folk” or the common people.
Folk Dances
These are related to everything of importance in daily life, such as the customs, rituals, and occupations of a specific group of people.
Folk Dances
According to ___, ____, and ____, “folk dance became the overt expression of emotions and Ideas which were peculiarly significant of the re-enactment of customs and events constituting an important part of their history and patterns of daily living.
Dunggan, Schlottmann, and Rutledge
____ defined Philippine folk dance as “a traditional mode of expression that employs bodily movements of redundant patterns linked to definitive features of rhythmic beats or music”.
Lopez
Folk dances are ____ dances found in a specific country, ____ dances are also traditional folk dances.
Traditional Dance and national dance
Examples of national folk dances: __, __, and __
Cariflosa, Curacha, and Padanggo
These are performed in primitive tribes and have retained clove kinship with religious and community customs.
Ethnic dance or ethnological dances
These dances may require certain level of special performing skills
Ethnic dance or ethnological dance
3 categories of ethnic dance:
ritual, life cycle, and occupational
Religious aspect
ritual
significant milestone
life cycle
work
occupational
Emblematic of a specific nation. (Identity and heritage)
National Dance
According to ___, folk dances may be classified by geaographical extent of origin, nature, speed, speed of movements, formations, and distinguishing features.
Francisca Reyes - Aquino
3 major regional Classifications
Dances of the mountain tribal people
Lowland Christian dances
Ethnolinguistic dances (Muslim Suite)
According to __, Philippine folk dances should have a simple, basic rhythm that dominates the dance and establishes the pattern of movement.
Lopez
It was taken from the Italian word ballare, meaning to dance, bollo, referring to dances performed in a ballroom.
Ballet
According to ___, Ballet is a “Combination of the arts of dancing, poetry, music, planning. The essential quality of the ballet dancer is grace that is phrasing, fluidity, harmony, the making of words into a poetic, bound up with the reaction to music that goes for deeper than a purely rhythmic reaction”
Haskell
According to ___, he further affirms that “Ballet is an artistic, programmatic, scenic dance accompanied by music.
Burtan
Is known for its exactness
Classical Ballet
“Mainly uses ballet steps and more natural movement to convey meaning”
Contemporary or modern ballet
This includes limbering and stretching exercise that warm and gently stretch the muscles before trying the complex moves
Warm-up
Activities here include variations of bending and stretching small movements of the legs, which gradually increase in range of motion and tempo as one leg is lifted from the floor.
Barre exercise
The carriage of the arms; graceful movements of the arms through a series of positions
Port de bras (por de brah)
It is a one leg raised and extended behind the body, and a variety of shapes of the arms are used to harmonize with its long, extended line.
Arabesque (are besk)
Arabesque hop
Saute arabesque
The bent leg is raised in front (croise) or behind (echappe) the body
Attitude
Means “stuffed steps”. From the starring position and moving right, step the working (left) foot behind the supporting (right) foot.
Pas de bourree
Means gliding step.
Glissade
The body is aligned and moves with grace and ease
Ballet walks
Chasing step. This is similar to galloping but done with straight knees and pointed toes.
Chasse (cha. sey)
Means “jumps”. Starting in demi-plie, execute a vertical jump into the air and end in the starting position.
Sautes
It means “thrown”, souring through the air and landing as lightly as possible, brushing the back leg off the floor at a certain height; pushing off the other leg; and leaping to the other leg.
Jete
A big leap
Grand jete
means “assembled”. in this jump, the feet are brought together or “assembled” in the air
Assemble
Characteristics of Modern Dance
Technique
Improvisation
Choreography
Cheerdance traces its roots to cheerleading, which started in the ___ in the late 1800s.
United States
The University of Minnesota is credited with the first organized cheer in 1898, led by a male “yell leader,”
______
Johnny Campbell.
____ began joining cheerleading squads during the early 20th century
Women
Cheer Motion
High V
Low V
T-Motion
Broken T
Clap and Clean
Punch
Arms are raised upward at a 45-degree angle, forming a “V” shape, with hands in fists and palms
facing out. What type of cheer motion is it?
High V
Arms are extended downward at a 45-degree angle, with fists and palms facing out. What type of cheer motion is it?
Low V
Arms are extended straight out to the sides, parallel to the ground, forming a “T” shape. What type of cheer motion is it?
T-Motion
Elbows are bent and brought inwards with forearms parallel to the floor, creating a smaller
“T.” What type of cheer motion is it?
Broken T
The hands come together in front of the chest (clap), and “clean” refers to bringing arms
straight down at the sides, typically to mark the end of a motion. What type of cheer motion is it?
Clap and clean
One arm is extended straight up (as if punching the air) while the other rests on the hip. What type of cheer motion is it?
Punch
Dance Elements
Sharp Arm Movements
Turns and Spins
Kicks and Jumps
Footwork Combination
Cheerdance routines emphasize sharp and precise arm motions for energy and
impact. what type of dance elements is it?
Sharp Arm Movements
High kicks and different types of jumps (like toe touches and herkies) showcase
flexibility and athleticism. What type of dance elements is it?
Kicks and jumps
Spins, pivots, and turns are incorporated to add flair and complexity to routines. What type of dance elements is it?
Turns and spins
Fast-paced footwork and transitions are essential to maintaining rhythm and
flow within a routine. What type of dance elements is it?
Footwork Combination
Type of Jumps
Toe Touch
Herkie
Pike Jump
Tuck Jump
A jump where legs are kicked out to the sides while the arms reach toward the toes. This is
one of the most common cheerleading jumps. (types of jumps)
Toe touch
Similar to a toe touch, but one leg is bent, creating a distinct asymmetrical position. (types of jumps)
Herkie
Both legs are extended straight out in front while reaching toward the toes in a forward
motion. (types of jumps)
Pike jump
Knees are brought to the chest while jumping, with arms usually in a T-motion. (type of jumps)
Tuck Jump
Type of Stunts
base, flyer, and spotter roles
Pyramids
Lift and Tosses
Stunts typically involve a group where bases lift or support the flyer,
who performs poses or tricks, while spotters ensure safety. (type of stunts)
base, flyer, and spotter roles
Multiple groups form a connected structure, often involving flyers standing or balancing at
higher levels. (type of stunts)
Pyramid
Flyers are lifted into the air or thrown by bases, performing tricks before safely landing. (type of stunts)
Lift and tosses
Types of Tumbling
Cartwheel and Roundoffs
Back Handsprings and Flips
Basic gymnastics moves that involve rotation and balance. (type of Tumbling)
Cartwheel and Roundoffs
More advanced skills used to add dynamic energy to routines. These
moves often require proper training and practice due to their complexity.
Back Handsprings and Flips
Modern cheerdance integrates various dance styles, from hip-hop and jazz to pom
routines, creating a high-energy performance with seamless transitions.
Dance routines
Teamwork and perfect timing are critical, as movements need to be precisely aligned
to create a visually striking effect
Synchronization
Basic Elements of Cheerdance
Cheer motion
Dance Elements
Jumps
Stunts
Tumbling
Choreography and Synchronization
Facial expression and showmanship
Common for initiating a cheer or providing rhythm to routines. It emphasizes synchronization.
Clap
Commonly used as a finishing or transition motion.
Low V
Often used for energetic openings or to emphasize beats in the music.
High V
A standard position often seen in cheers and routines for bold emphasis.
T-motion
Often serves as a transition or to punctuate words in cheers.
Broken T
Used as a “reset” or pause between motions, signaling the end of a move.
Clean
Adds dynamic energy and can accentuate strong beats or phrases.
Punch
Often used as part of more complex transitions and gives a sharp, strong visual effect.
Daggers
Often used for direction changes or to visually highlight certain parts of routines
Right/Left L Motions
Adds a dynamic visual, often emphasizing a change in choreography
. Right/Left K Motions
It is the competitive form of ballroom dancing. It combines the artistry and creativity of dance with the
athletic rigor of sport, making it an elegant yet physically demanding discipline.
Dancesport
The origins of dancesport can be traced back to social ballroom dances practiced by _____
as early as the 16th century.
European aristocats
During the 1______, _____ expanded beyond the upper classes, becoming a widely
enjoyed form of entertainment and socialization in dance halls and parties.
18th and 19th centuries, social dance
In ___, the _____ (ISTD) in the United Kingdom established a
Ballroom Branch to oversee and standardize ballroom dances, effectively beginning the tradition of
competitive dancing.
1924, Imperial Society of Teachers of Dancing
The popularity of ballroom dancing increased during the early____ century, especially in England.
20th century
The first official ballroom dance competition is believed to have taken place in ___ in London.
1909
In ___, the International DanceSport Federation (IDSF), now known as the _______ (WDSF), was founded to govern international competitions and advocate for the sport’s
recognition.
1990, World DanceSport
Federation
Modern dancesport includes a wide range of dances, with competitions divided into
categories such as ____ and ____
Standard (Ballroom) and Latin
The Standard category, often referred to as “_____,” focuses on elegance, smooth movement, and strict
posture.
Ballroom
The ____is the most famous Standard dance, known for its graceful “rise and fall” and smooth,
continuous movements
Waltz
It is known for
its rapid rotations around the dance floor. This dance is high-energy and full of graceful turns,
requiring great control and coordination.
Viennese Waltz
It is more dramatic and staccato compared to
other Standard dances. It is known for its sharp, angular movements, and dancers often use
dramatic pauses and head turns to create a sense of tension
Tango
It is a lively and fast-paced dance that evolved from the Foxtrot. It involves light,
bouncy movements and a combination of fast walking, running, and hopping steps
Quickstep
It is a smooth and elegant dance that features long, gliding movements across the floor.
The basic rhythm alternates between slow and quick steps (slow-slow-quick-quick)
Foxtrot
Key Elements of Standard Ballroom Dance
Footwork
Posture and Frame
Synchronization
Musicality
features dances that are characterized by rhythm, energy, and a focus on hip movements, body
expression, and passionate interactions between partners.
Latin dances
It is a lively, rhythmic dance with bouncy steps and a distinctive “sway” created by
the rapid weight changes.
Samba
It is often called the “dance of love” because it is slow, sensual, and romantic.
It emphasizes smooth hip action and controlled, deliberate movements, particularly in the hips
Rumba
It is a playful and flirtatious dance with sharp movements and fast footwork.
It is danced in a syncopated rhythm, with quick, sharp “____” steps that follow a slower rhythm.
Cha-Cha
It is a dramatic and theatrical dance, mimicking the movements of a bullfight.
The dance is highly structured and bold, with strong, sharp movements and a lot of flair.
Paso Doble
It is a fast, energetic, and fun dance with lots of quick footwork, kicks, and highenergy movements. It has a very fast tempo, typically danced to upbeat rock and roll or swing music.
Jive
Types of Latin dances
Samba
Cha-Cha
Rumba
Paso Doble
Jive
Key Elements of Latin Dance Technique
Hip action
Footwork
Posture and Frame
Timing and Rhythm
Expression
