Pre-reqs prokaryote notes

Question 1

(present on some prokaryotes) - structures protruding from the cell membrane that help the cell move.

Answer 1

Flagella

Question 2

rigid structure outside the plasma membrane that surrounds, supports, and protects the cell. Found in most prokaryotes.

Answer 2

Cell wall

Question 3

particles where proteins are synthesized (translation).

Answer 3

Ribosomes

Question 4

lipid bilayer structure that separates cell from outside environment AND regulates what can enter/exit the cell.

Answer 4

Plasma (cell) membrane

Question 5

jellylike substance contained by the cell membrane where most chemical reactions take place.

Answer 5

Cytosol

Question 6

region where DNA is located.

Answer 6

Nucleoid region

Question 7

appendages protruding from the capsule that help the cell adhere to surfaces.

Answer 7

Pili

Question 8

protective layer outside the cell wall that helps some prokaryotes evade the immune system of their host

Answer 8

Capsule

Question 9

Endosymbiont Theory?

Answer 9

Mitochondria & Chloroplasts are derived from bacteria

Question 10

Chloroplasts developed from ancient?

Answer 10

photosynthetic bacteria

Question 11

Mitochondria developed from ancient?

Answer 11

aerobic purple bacteria

Question 12

3 steps of endosymbiont theory?

Answer 12

(1) ancient eukaryotic cell engulfs ancient purple bacteria
(2) Later, a cell with resident purple bacteria engulfs ancient photosynthetic bacteria
(3) eventually develop into modern plant cells and certain protists