pre-reg shortcuts Flashcards
what is the interaction between allopurinol + azathioprine
- Decreased uric acid levels
- Enhanced excretion of allopurinol
- Increased risk of hepatotoxicity.
- Increased risk of myelosuppression.
- Reduced efficacy of azathioprine.
increased risk of myelosuppression
antidote for rivaroxaban
- andexanet alfa
- idarucizumab
- protamine sulfate
- tranexamic acid
- vit k
- andexanet alfa
A 34-year old male with epilepsy has been prescribed phenytoin 100mg capsules at a dose of one capsule twice a day for the treatment of tonic-clonic seizures for the past 2 years. Due to an increase in frequency of seizures the consultant plans to add lamotrigine to the patient’s treatment regimen.
What is the most appropriate action regarding the interaction between phenytoin and lamotrigine?
- increase the dose of lamotrigine to achieve therapeutic levels.
- monitor for decreased efficacy of phenytoin due to potential decreased serum levels.
- monitor for signs of phenytoin toxicity due to potential increased serum levels.
- no action needed as there is no significant interaction between phenytoin and lamotrigine
- reduce the dose of phenytoin before starting lamotrigine to prevent toxicity
- increase the dose of lamotrigine to achieve therapeutic levels.
- phenytoin lowers lamotrigine levels
pt has chronic alcoholism and Wernicke encephalopathy.
What is the initial treatment of choice for this condition?
- High-dose vitamin B12 injection
- Immediate psychiatric evaluation
- Intravenous glucose solution without thiamine
- Intravenous thiamine replacement
- Oral thiamine supplementation
- Intravenous thiamine replacement
A 21-year-old female regularly has lamotrigine 100mg tablets prescribed for the treatment for focal epilepsy. She is now 4 weeks pregnant.
What is the most appropriate action for dose adjustments of lamotrigine during her pregnancy?
- Discontinue lamotrigine as it is contraindicated during pregnancy.
- Maintain the current dose of lamotrigine throughout the pregnancy.
- Monitor and increase the dose of lamotrigine throughout the pregnancy.
- Reduce the dose of lamotrigine due to increased sensitivity during pregnancy.
- Switch to an alternative antiepileptic drug during the pregnancy.
Monitor and increase the dose of lamotrigine throughout the pregnancy
What is the youngest age at which miconazole oral gel can be recommended?
- newborn
- 1 month
- 4 month
- 6 month
- 12 months
4 months
A 58-year-old patient presents to your clinic with a recent diagnosis of hypothyroidism and they are waiting for a prescription to initiate treatment.
They have a family history of stroke and their recent blood tests show a non-HDL cholesterol level of 5.6 mmol/L. You calculate the patient’s cardiovascular risk via QRISK3 and it has been calculated at 11.5%.
What is the most appropriate next step in managing this patient?
- Refer the patient to a dietitian for dietary advice.
- Start the patient on a high-intensity statin therapy.
- Advise the patient to increase physical activity.
- Prescribe a low-dose aspirin for stroke prevention.
- Initiate levothyroxine therapy for hypothyroidism.
- Start the patient on a high-intensity statin therapy.
to lower non-HDL + due to high risk of CVD in family
A 62-year-old female patient has been experiencing symptoms of excessive sweating, insomnia, tachycardia, nausea, vomiting, tremor, muscle rigidity, and renal failure.
She has multiple co-morbidities and they take the following medication:
Tramadol 50mg capsules; one to two capsules every 4 to 6 hours as needed for pain.
Venlafaxine 75mg XL tablets; one tablet to be taken daily
Atorvastatin 80mg tablets; one tablet to be taken each evening
Ramipril 5mg capsules; one capsule to be taken each day
Furosemide 20mg tablets; one tablet to be taken each morning
Aspirin 75mg dispersible tablets; one to be taken each day
Which of the following is most likely contributing to the patient’s symptoms?
- Amlodipine and Tramadol interaction
- Naproxen and Amlodipine interaction
- Paracetamol and Naproxen interaction
- Tramadol and Venlafaxine interaction
- Venlafaxine and Naproxen interaction
- Tramadol and Venlafaxine interaction
venlafaxine+tramadol = GI bleed risk
A 23-year old male with asthma is currently being treated with a short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) and inhaled corticosteroid (ICS). Despite this treatment, they are experiencing poor asthma control.
What is the next step in pharmacological management for this patient?
- Add a leukotriene receptor antagonist
- Add a long-acting beta-agonist (LABA)
- Add a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA)
- Add oral corticosteroids
- Increase the dose of ICS
- Add a leukotriene receptor antagonist
A 78-year-old sedentary woman with permanent atrial fibrillation and heart failure is seen in the cardiology clinic. Her LVEF < 40% and she has pulmonary congestion secondary to her chronic heart failure. She also has a history of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Her pulse is irregular and 110 bpm. Her blood pressure is 150/90 mmHg. Her ECG shows atrial fibrillation with a ventricular rate of 110 bpm. She has no known drug allergies.
What is the most appropriate drug for rate control in her atrial fibrillation?
- Atenolol
- Bisoprolol
- Diltiazem
- Digoxin
- Verapamil
Digoxin
- not dilitiazem as CCBs are CI in LVEF
what is a reversible cause of AF
- hyperthyroidism
- infection
- alcohol excess
plasma digoxin level
0.8-2
What is the most appropriate dose of rivaroxaban for the prevention of atherothrombotic events?
Select one of the following:
2.5 mg twice daily
10 mg once daily
15 mg twice daily
20 mg once daily
2.5 mg twice daily
is tx necessary in molluscum contagiosum
no usually resolves on its own within 6-12 months but can use self-care measures
common s/e of CCB
postural hypotension