Pre-Natal Development Flashcards
What happens in the first month of pregnancy?
Brain and spinal cord development
Heart begins to beat
What happens in the 2nd month of pregnancy?
Bones begin to form
What happens during the 3rd month of pregnancy?
Fingers and toes are almost complete
All organs are present
What happens during the 6th month?
Breathing movements begin
Earliest a baby might be able to live if born, but will need lots of medical support
What happens during the 7-9 months of pregnancy?
Refinement of all types of development in preparation for a baby to live outside of mom
Nervous system & lungs are basically last to develop.
Physical changes for the mother during 1st month of pregnancy?
Missed period with very few other signs of pregnancy
Physical changes for the mother during the 2-3 month?
Fatigue possible, “morning” sickness, swelling breasts,slight weight gain
Entire uterus about the size of an orange.
Physical changes for the mother during the 4-6 month?
Most “comfortable” time of pregnancy, morning sickness is typically gone, fatigue lessens, abdomen grows, begins to ‘look’ pregnant, increased appetite, begin feeling baby’s movements near the end of this time
Physical changes for the mother during the 7-9 month?
Increasing size of abdomen affects posture, may have times of shortness of breath and various muscle aches, baby’s movements can keep mom awake, ‘lightening”( baby moves lower into pelvic area), false labor may occur as body prepares for true labor
Ovum def
Female egg
Sperm
Male “egg”
Uterus
Female organ where baby grows
Conception
The moment when an egg is fertilized by a sperm
Genome def
The complete genetic blueprint for a person
- unique for every individual except for identical twins
- each baby is a combination of both the mothers and fathers genome
Zygote def
Fertilized egg
Embryo def
The baby once it has implanted in the uterus- called an embryo for 6 weeks
Placenta def
Organ that connects the baby to the uterus
Umbilical cord def
Carries nourishment and oxygen from mom to the placenta and baby-also carries waste from baby to mom
Amniotic fluid
Liquid that surrounds and cushions baby
Fetus def
Baby, from about 8 after conception until birth
Multiple births def
When mom gives birth to more baby from a single pregnancy
Fraternal def
Twins or multiples-several eggs released by mom and fertilized by different sperm
Identical def
Twins formed from 1 fertilized egg, that fully separated early in the pregnancy
Conjoined twins def
Twins formed from 1 fertilized egg, that partially separates early in the pregnancy
Infertility def
The inability to conceive or sustain a pregnancy
Miscarriage def
When baby dies before the 20th week of pregnancy
Medically called a spontaneous abortion
Stillbirth def
When the baby dies after the 20th week, but before birth
Premature birth def
When a baby is born before Development is complete
NICU def
Neonatal intensive care unit - an ICU for babies
What percent of baby’s are born with birth defects
3%
What are the 2 general types of birth defects
Abnormality of body structure(physical)
Body system functions improperly(blindness, etc)
Environmental def (birth defect)
Nutrition, disease, substance abuse, medication, or exposure to harmful things
Hereditary def
Passed from one or both parents
Errors in genetics def
Chromosome errors, not hereditary
Alpha-fetoprotein(AFP) def
Blood test, no risk to mom or baby
Ultrasound def
Sonogram Bounces sound waves off of soft tissue p, no proven risk but don’t overdue it
Amniocentesis def
Drawing a sample of amniotic fluid
Chorionic villi sampling def
Takes sample of sac surrounding baby
X-Rays good?
Try to avoid if at all possible can cause birth defects
Dangers to avoid during pregnancy
Infections Diseases Rubella Chicken pox STD AID Toxoplasmosis
Obstetrician def
Doctor specializing in pregnancy and childbirth
Glucose test
Rules out gestational diabetes
PreClampsia
High blood pressure and protein in moms urine
Rh factor test
Protein in blood is either Rh positive or Rh negative
Maternity leave
More than 21 employees-6’weeks unpaid
More than 50-12 weeks of unpaid leave
Cord blood def
Blood in umbilical cord
Contains stem cells
Apgar scale def
Rating the condition of a newborn @ birth & after 5 min
Apgar scale what do they check for
Heart rate Breathing Muscle tone Response to stimuli Clear skin color
Jaudince def
The liver has trouble processing the by product of red blood cells and skin and eyes look yellow
Phototherapy helps(under spotlight)
