pre midterm Flashcards
(107 cards)
role of albumin
to attract and hold water inside the capillaries. low albumin leads to edema
DNA/RNA polymerase catalyzes the formation of a phosphodiester bond between
3’ OH and 5’ phosphate
reverse transcriptase inhibitor that can prolong the like in HIV infected individuals
Azidothymidine Zidovudine (AZT) (nucleoside analog)
AZT causes chain termination due to lack of
3’ OH
antiviral used for herpes
acyclovir (takes away 3’ OH) (nucleoside analog)
nucleoside analogue that is important in therapy of leukemias
cytosine arabinoside
used in childhood Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Adenosine arabinoside
difference between nucleoside and nucleotide
nucleosides lack 5’ phosphate group on the pentose sugar
inhibitors of DNA gyrase
quinolone drugs ( ciprofloxacin )
enzyme that relieves strain from DNA that is being unwound by helicase
gyrase (relaxes positive supercoils)
DNA gyrase is only found in
prokaryotes
charge of histones
positive (lysine and arginine)
transcriptionally active chromatin
euchromatin
condensed chromatin
heterochromatin
causes DNA hypomethylation and increase transcription
decitabine and 5-azacytidine
DNA base that is involved in methylation
cytosine
DNA modification that causes that formation of heterochromatin
methylation
modification that removes positive charge from histone to reduce affinity between histone and DNA
acetylation (helps form euchromatin)
metal ion required for DNA polymerase activity
magnesium
rolling circle replication happens where
bacteriophage
does synthesis of leading and lagging strands
DNA polymerase III
removes RNA primer and replaces with DNA
DNA polymerase I
prevents reannealing of separated DNA
ssb proteins
joins okazaki fragments together
DNA ligase