PRE LEUKEMIA Flashcards
abnormality (could be in morphology and/or functiom)
dys
myeloid cell lineage (could be immature or mature cells)
myelo
formation
poietic
what year did FAB cooperative leukemia study group proposed the terminology ‘myelodysplastic syndromes’
1987
what year did WHO proposed a new classification that included molecular, cytogenetics, and immunologic criteria, in addition to morphologic features
1997
what year did WHO revised the classification. currently, rodak 7th edition discussed 2022 classification, which also renamed myelodysplastic syndromes to myelodysplactic neoplasms
2008, 2016, 2022
Group of acquired clonal hematologic disorders characterized by:
- progressive cytopenias in the peripheral blood, reflecting defects in erythroid, myeloid, and/or megakaryocytic maturation
- simultaneous proliferation and apoptosis and hematopoietic cells
myelodysplastic syndromes/neoplasms
it is due to ineffective hematopoiesis and increased apoptosis, showing morphologic dysplasia of at least one and usually more lineages, and have varied cytogenetic findings and many have a propensity to progress to acute leukemias
cytopenia
median age of diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndromes
77 yo
MDS rarely affects , <40yo, unless preceded by
chemotheraphy
radiation
germline mutation
originated from phenotypically normal hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow that harbor somatic mutations
myelodysplastic syndromes
MDS originated from a _______ hematopoietic stem cell
clonal
produces alarms contribute to ROS generation, replication stress and genetic instability that forces the clonal evolution
myeloid-derived suppressive cells
genetic mutations in HSC that lead to MDS
- de novo mutations
- mutations resulting from theraphies
- mutations secondary to exposure to chemicals or radiations
- germline mutations
- plasma membrane pore formation
- cell swelling and rupture
- release of inflammatory substances
pyroptosis
- cell shrinkage
- apoptopic body formation
- nuclear condensation and fragmentation
- the banner function of the plasma membrane is preserved for a while
apoptosis
common features of MDS
- progressive cytopenias
- clonal hematopoiesis
- dysplasia in one or more cell lines
MDS CLASSIFICATIONS
- french-american british classification
- world health organization classification
- international consensus organization
