Pre-Lab Assignment #10 Flashcards
Compare and contrast fungi and bacteria.
i. Fungi:
i. Eukaryotic
ii. Live on their foodstuff (substrates)
iii. Secrete enzymes
ii. Bacteria:
i. Prokaryotic
Explain the differences between molds and yeasts.
i. Molds:
i. Multicellular
ii. Consists of long filaments called hyphae
iii. Reproduce by producing spores (Asexual Sporulation)
ii. Yeasts:
i. Unicellular; non-filamentous organisms
ii. Reproduce by asexually budding
What is a dimorphic fungus?
i. Can convert from one form to another form
Why are fungal cultures incubated at room temperature instead of 37°C?
i. Grow best in humid environments
What is budding and what kind of reproduction is it?
i. Budding is when the daughter cell pushes out of the mother cell
ii. Asexual reproduction
Sabouraud’s dextrose agar is used to cultivate fungi, whereas we have been primarily using nutrient agar or LB agar to cultivate bacteria. What aspect of Sabouraud’s agar facilitates the growth of fungi, but inhibits the growth of bacteria?
i. The pH, molds like low acidity and bacteria doesn’t
Explain how fungi contribute to human health.
i. Antibiotic production, gut health
Describe a major differentiating feature between protozoa and helminths.
a. Protozoa are locomotive and helminths aren’t
Given that most antimicrobials work by inhibiting replication of organisms, why is it more difficult to treat a fungal infection than to treat a bacterial infection?
i. Fungal cells are eukaryotic like humans and bacteria cells are prokaryotic cells.
What feature is responsible for differentiating the four major groups of protozoa?
a. Locomotive (how they move)
List two protozoa that cause disease in humans.
a. Giardia lamblia: Giardiasis
b. Balantidium coli: Balantidiasis
List one helminth that causes disease in humans.
a. Schistosoma
Explain the role of the tapeworm scolex and the fluke sucker.
a. Scolex: head; attachment, nutrient absorption and reproduction
b. Fluke sucker: Attachment and feeding
Explain what a tapeworm proglottid is.
a. Gravid proglottids containing mature eggs are shed from the tapeworm into the environment.
Differentiate between a definitive host and an intermediate host.
a. Definitive: harbor parasites until the completion of their life cycle
b. Intermediate: harbor asexual parasites until they move on to the definitive host for sexual reproduction.
