Pre-Industrialised and Rationalised Sport in Britain (Unit 1) Flashcards
Sporting recreation in the pre-industrial society, Mob football and Real tennis, Popular and rational recreation.
What was society like in Pre-Industrialised Britain
Low population, mostly rural communities and little cities
Violent natured people similar to everyday life
Limited transportation and communication systems
Low living standards and life expectancy
Large range of illiteracy and harsh standards for the majority
When was Mob Football played
Typically, due to lack of free time locals would play on holy days, memorial days or on festival days
Why were there limited rules in Mob Football
There was illiteracy throughout the country meaning rules had to be simple and limited to stop confusion between teams. Also, rules were usually only relevant to local towns as there wasn’t any universal rules
Why was Mob Football played rurally in villages
There was a lack of transport between villages so teams couldn’t travel to verse other teams from other areas. Equally there was no communication between villages so there was no league in any areas. They would use the grassland available to play in and use an inflated pig’s bladder as a ball
Why was Real Tennis not available to everyone
It was designed with high tech equipment which was costly to afford on an agricultural wage so only nobles and gentry could really afford the pay to play
Why also couldn’t land workers play real tennis
Land workers had to be constantly tending to there their fields so had barely any free time to do recreational sports unlike the and gentry who were free majority of the time
What was pedestrianism
This was the sport of professional walking done typically by noble messengers and funded by nobles through waging
How did you win pedestrianism
Pedestrianism would consist of multiple messengers racing via waking long distances to an end point, it was played rurally due to the vast open fields that were ideal for the setup of the sport
How did Mob Football link to society
Illiteracy meant the lack of rules helped those who couldn’t read or write allowing for less confusion for players, limited transport meant that tams from different villages couldn’t travel to play against one another
How did Pedestrianism link society
Rural communities housed lots of open land that the sport could be played on, it also allowed for a second income from players as they would be bet on to win
How did Real Tennis link to society
Only upper class could play due to the feudal system, wasn’t available outside of wealthy areas due to high tech equipment needed to play
How did the Industrial Revolution affect sport in society?
It occurred during the mid eighteenth century and it changed Britain’s feudal system and rural society to an industrialised machine based society.
It became controlled by the Middle Class and was a capitalist society with more people living in urban areas
What is HITFOR and how did it affect sport?
Health- Poor health and sanitation led to lack of energy for players and constant disease so people couldn’t participate
Income- Lack of income due to class division meant participants couldn’t pay for equipment or facilities
Time- Lack of play time meant people didn’t have enough energy to play sports in limited rest periods
Facilities- No facilities to train or play in
Overcrowding- No space for facilities to play in and too many people wanting to play
Rights- Loss of rights meant bans for sports such as Mob Football resulting in less participation
What is HIT MI CAT and how did it affect society?
Health- Hygiene and health improved so there was more participants with more energy
Industrial Patronage- Opportunities given by the middle class to their workers allowing them to play sports and factory teams were created
Time- More free time was give to the workers allowing them to have more energy and time to playa and train
Middle Class- More equality in sport meant that higher tech was easier to access and broken time payments were given to workers as the middle class was sympathetic
Influence of Ex School Boys- Encouragement by school boys would allow the spreading of different sports between towns and different rules to be created, the Church also made new teams
Communication- New inventions like the printing press meant sports could have some universal rules and be spread via newspaper
Athleticism- Physical Endeavour and Moral Integrity
Transport- Teams from each town or factory could now play each other, leagues were formed and fixtures created
How was Sport spread through the British Empire?
Officers- Sport within the armed services and spread sport throughout the empire
Clergy- Developed church teams and became missionaries in taking sport and spreading it abroad
Diplomats- Would take native sport and its rules and spread to other countries
Teachers- They developed tactics and rules and would teach these in classrooms whilst teaching traditional values in schools throughout the country
What was the Municipal Reform Act?
Development of Public Baths to improve health of towns, swimming developed through this. Built 1st and 2nd class facilities. Kept the working class away from drinking and violence
Characteristics of Rational Sport?
Respectability- people would play more dignified and respectable to one another creating an etiquette for the sports
Regularly Played- people had more time to play and watch games, more teams were made and areas were built for facilities
Codification- More universal rules created so the game became more civilised and officials were more common
Facilities- More area to play and better standard of sport as players trained and improved
Skills and tactics- more improved tactics through practice on training areas
How was sport spread by Ex Public School Boys?
They would return home from school and spread the different sports, tactics and rules they played. This would codify some sports for towns.
What were the NGB’s?
Non-Governing Bodies made by Ex Public School Boys became more poplar, international teams were formed their own fixtures. They created an amateur ideal
where professionals and amateurs would play separately. National rules were introduced.
Who were the Ex Public School Boys?
Upper classes only, expensive boarding schools. Early 1850 sport was encouraged in order to control the boys in their free time called the Fagging System.
The House System would play games between houses and would form ‘Muscular Christianity’ this was the ideal to have a healthy body and mind in order to serve god.
Who were the amateurs of the time?
Typically the wealthy gentry who would play the sport for the love of it and receives no financial gain.
Who were the professionals of the time?
Typically the working class who played the sport as a means of financial game and second income aside from the factory work.
What were the amateur positives?
The elite sports were run and dictated by the upper and middle class with high status.
There was a code of amateurism, playing to certain set of rules.
Adhered to the code of ethics
Not winning, enjoyed just playing the sport
The all rounder, competing in a variety of sports
New middle class admired the cultural values of the upper class, known as the gentleman amateur
What were the professional positives?
Broken time payments emerged, working class could be payed to play, factories would employ worker with the best sport skill.
Standards of performance increased, due to winning being important
Could earn from factory work and sport work
