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Pe > Pre-Industrial Britain > Flashcards

Pre-Industrial Britain Flashcards

1
Q

Pre-industrial society

A 
Difficult travel
Food and clothes was produced locally
School was limited for the lower class
No large buildings 
Rural areas not urban 
villages rather then city’s  
Not easy to get jobs
Only TWO classes upper and lower class
Little free time (work)
Free time was dictated by agricultural seasons
Cruel/violent environment to live in for lower class
Uneducated, no reading or writing for the lower class
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2
Q

Patron

A

A member of the gentry (upper class) who looked after the lower class performer

E.g. arranging competitions for them to compete in, putting up prize money and generally looking after their well being

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2
Q

Popular recreations

A

The sport and pastimes of people in pre-industrial Britain

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5
Q

Feudal system

A

A way of structuring society in which land was exchanged for work

E.g a peasant would receive a piece of land in return for serving a lord or king

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6
Q

Info on recreational sport

A

Long hours of work for the lower class so occasional activities

Lower class were restricted to annual events, only when the agricultural calendar allowed their participation

Popular annual date was shrove Tuesday

Limited transport so games were all very local and specific to each community

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8
Q

4 C’s

A

Cruel
Class division
Communication
Countryside

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9
Q

Athletics/foot racing

A

Footmen where hired servants competing as messengers for the upper class

It was a competition on who could run the fastest distance, betting was involved

Very basic rules, some challenges were introduced

Increased social status for the lower class, allowing the upper class to look after and care for the runners

Patron > member of the gentry who looked after the lower class performer

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12
Q

What activities where like

A 
Aggressive
Male dominated
Damage to property
Reflected harsh society
Many injuries which could lead to deaths
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13
Q

Mob football

A

Lower class sporting activity

Clearly reflected the two classes,

All localised due to limited transport and little communication e.g newspapers

Played in fields using local resources e.g pigs bladder

Only played on occasion due to work, little rules

Male dominated, violent behaviour, reflecting society

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15
Q

Real tennis

“The sport of kings”

“Royal tennis”

A

This was the original racquet sport, which Morden tennis is derived from

Indoor court, four irregularly sized walls, pear shaped rackets, cloth handmade balls solid/hard

Play is continuous no sitting, so considered an extreme sport so players must be athletic/technical

Upper class sport, very expensive to build and equipment due to specific walls

Many rules, moral code, respect to one another and make dominated. Didn’t reflect typical characteristics of other sports

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18
Q

Why foot racing became banned

A

Violent deaths

Injuries that would lead to infections due to lack of medical equipment

Lots of damage to property’s

Drunk behaviour

Gambling, seen as a sin

Alcohol consumption

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19
Q

Haxey Hood

A 
Lower class sport 
One rule is no murder 
Annual event
14th century 
Village of Haxey
North Lincolnshire

Lady de Mowbray was riding towards Westwood side, her silk hood blew away so 13 farmers rushed to help. She claimed if the chase was to be recreated then she would give a donation

Officials sometimes get drunk, damaged property, drunk behaviour leading to injuries or fighting

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20
Q

Dr William Penny Brooks

A

Founder of Olympic Games in 1850

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21
Q

HITFOR

A 
H - health and hygiene
I - income
T - time
F - facility’s 
O - overcrowded
R - rights
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22
Q

Pre industrial summery

A 
Class divisions
Physical/violent 
Male dominated 
Mob football reflected divisions 
Few unwritten rules
Little to no equipment
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23
Q

Post industrial summery

A 
Written rules 
Skill based 
Commercialised 
Regular
Class divisions 
Association football reflected this
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24
Q

Rational recreation characteristics

A

1) played regionally, nationally/internationally
2) respectable
3) regular
4) rule based
5) gambling controlled
6) impact on religion
7) impact on revolutions
8) purpose built facilities

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25
Q

NGB’s development

A

Sport became more popular, more teams/clubs, competitions and leagues were required, more national + international fixtures, nationally agreed rules, maintain on ‘amateur ideal’ so upper class could have control.

The professionals were the lower class because they did get paid

The upper/middle class didn’t get paid so they were known as the amateurs in recreational sport

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26
Q

NGB of trampolining/gymnastics

A

British Gymnastics

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27
Q

Why NGB’s tried preventing professionals from playing

A 
Didn’t want to mix with lower class
Wanted to maintain ‘amateur ideal’
Didn’t like losing to lower class
Wanted to maintain control
28
Q

Amateur values

A

Manliness
Appreciating value of health & fitness
Appreciating the value of rule regulated activity
High moral integrity

29
Q

A mature

A

A person who plays sport because the love it, receiving no money

30
Q

Professional

A

A person who plays sport for financial gain

31
Q

Positive impacts of amateurism

A

Elite performers was dominated by the upper/middle class

Code of amateurism: was based on playing sport to clearly set rules, forming many NGBs

Belonging to social elite: having wealth and time to play sport for the love of it rather then the money

Participation: seen as more important than winning

32
Q

Bowman ruling

A

Allowed footballers within the EU to move at the end of their contract to another club without a transfer being paid

15th December 1995

33
Q

Sponsorship deals

A

Sponsorship deals and television develops into gaining a high profit

Players get sponsored for example only wearing Adidas or nike

34
Q

Impacts on social media

A

Newspapers, radio, internet and social media.

Tv can be viewed as the most powerful aspect of the media - buying and selling of tv broadcasting rights is a very important part of the 21st century sport as it has gone global

35
Q

Globalisation

A

Process where by nations are increasingly being linked together and people are becoming more independent via improvements in communication and travel

36
Q

Effects of commercialisation one sport

A

Rules and regulations have been changed or introduced to speed up the action and prevent spectator boredom

37
Q

Socialisation

A

A lifelong process where members of a society learn its norms, values, ideas, practices and roles in order to take their place in that society

38
Q

Society

A

An organised group of people associated for some specific purpose or with a shared common interest

39
Q

Internalisation

A

The learning of values or attitudes that are incorporated within yourself

40
Q

Gender socialisation

A

The act of learning to conform to culturally defined gender roles through socialisation

41
Q

Social control

A

A concept that refers to the way in which people’s thoughts feelings appearance and behaviour are regulated in social systems

42
Q

Institution

A

An established organisation founded for a religious educational professional or social purpose

43
Q

Social change

A

An alteration in the social order of a society

44
Q

Discrimination

A

The unfair treatment of a person or minority group, to make distinctions act on a prejudice

45
Q

Overt discrimination

A

Visible/obvious (e.g verbal racist of a player

46
Q

Covert discussion

A

Hidden/less ambitious (e.g non selection if individuals as caption because of race

47
Q

3 groups that have a lack of involvement in sport

A

Disabilities
Ethnic minorities
Woman/teen girls

48
Q

Disabilities

A

When a mental, physical or sensory impairment effects performance

49
Q

Inclusiveness

A

All people should have needs, abilities and aspirations recognised, understood and met within a supportive environment

50
Q

Integration

A

Able bodied and disabled people taking part in the same activity at the same time

51
Q

Segregation

A

People with disabilities participating separately with other disabled performers

52
Q

Barriers to participation

A

Lack of time (could walk to work)
Lack of motivation (could invite friends)
Lack of skill (select low skill activities)
Little income (select cheaper activities)

53
Q

Sport England statistics

A

58% people did sport in 2015

62% people in 2019

54
Q

Disability statistics in participation

A

18% of the uk are disabled

9.4 million disabled people in England

55
Q

Sport England’s mission

A

Better physical and mental well being
Individual development
Social + community development
Economic development

Pe (7 decks)

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