Pre Hospital Medications Part III/IV

Question 1

Diphenhydramine moa

Answer 1

Blocking effects of histamine at h-1 receptors. Prevents histamine from binding to receptor sites and exerting its effects

Question 2

Patho of anaphylaxis

Answer 2

Histamine is released from mast cells in a hypersensitivity reaction releasing large quantities and resulting in anaphylaxis

Question 3

Where are histamine receptors found?

Answer 3

Smooth muscle, endothelial tissue, CNS tissue

Question 4

Histamine release causes

Answer 4

Vasodilation, bronchoconstriction, edema, runny nose, urticaria

Question 5

Why is drowsiness a side effect of benadryl?

Answer 5

Blockage of histamine receptors in CNS

Question 6

Anticholinergic properties

Answer 6

Dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, urinary retention

Question 7

What kind of effect will Benadryl have when taken with other CNS depressants?

Answer 7

Additive

Question 8

Dimenhydrinate moa

Answer 8

Antiemetic actions that act centrally at ctz to reduce n/v

Question 9

Gravol side effects

Answer 9

Drowsiness, urinary retention, dry mouth, constipation

Question 10

What type of effect will Gravol have when taken with other CNS depressants

Answer 10

Additive or potentiation

Question 11

Ondansetron classification

Answer 11

Selective serotonin receptor antagonist

Question 11

Domperidone, metoclopramide are common meds to treat

Answer 11

GI/stomach issues

Question 12

How does ondansetron work

Answer 12

Blocks effects of serotonin in GI tract

Question 13

Condition where ondansetron would be the first choice

Answer 13

Chemo, head injuries, elderly, post op, use of alcohol and drugs

Question 14

Serotonin Syndrome

Answer 14

Ondansetron could potentiate the effects of serotonin. Symptom’s- headaches, tachycardia, tremors

Question 15

Why can’t pts on apomorphine take ondansetron

Answer 15

Risk of hypotension

Question 16

Acetaminophen antipyretic action

Answer 16

Vasodilation and sweating

Question 17

Acetaminophen analgesic action

Answer 17

Inhibition of prostaglandin synthetase in CNS

Question 18

Ibuprofen moa

Answer 18

Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis by inhibiting COX enzymes

Question 19

What is cyclo-oxygenase

Answer 19

Involved in inflammation, required for formation of prostaglandins

Question 20

Ketorolac moa

Answer 20

Inhibits production of prostaglandins in inflamed tissue, therefore decreases responsiveness in damaged tissues

Question 21

What is Addison’s diease

Answer 21

Deficiency in adrenocortical secretions, common cause of acute adrenal insufficiency

Question 22

Cyanide and chemical asphyxia

Answer 22

Cyanide blocks oxygen from being able to get to the mitochondria and cells are unable to use oxygen

Question 23

S&S cyanide poisoning

Answer 23

Dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, tachycardia, hypotension, seizure

Question 24

Naloxone moa

Answer 24

Binds to opioid receptor sites to block effects of narcotics