PRE CONCEPTIONAL COUNSELLING Flashcards

1
Q
A set of interventions that aim to
identify and modify biomedical,
behavioral and social risks to a
womans health or pregnancy
outcome through prevention and
management.
A

Pre conceptional care

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2
Q

Gynecologists, internists, family practitioners, and pediatricians have the best opportunity to provide preventive counseling during periodic health maintenance examinations.

A

Counselling session

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3
Q

Preconceptional Counselling

A
❖Family History
❖Medical History
❖Personal and Social History
❖Lifestyle and work habits
❖Immunizations
❖Screening tests: Rubella, varicella, hepatitis B
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4
Q

vaccines NOT associated with adverse fetal outcomes

A

Pneumococcus
Hepatitis B
Meningococcus
Rabies

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5
Q

vaccines NOT recommended during pregnancy

A

Live virus vaccines: varicellazoster, MMR, Chicken pox, polio and yellow fever

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6
Q

how many month/s should pass between vaccination and conception attempts

A

1 month

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7
Q

It is currently recommended, therefore, that all women who may become pregnant take _____ of folic acid orally daily before conception and through the first trimester

A

400 μg

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8
Q

significantly reduces the risk of a recurrent NTD by 72 %

A

Preconceptional folic acid therapy

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9
Q

Gene mutation in 677C

A

T substitution in the gene that encodes methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase

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10
Q

❖Incidence: 0.9 per 1000 live births

❖Most frequent structural fetal malformation

A

NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS

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11
Q

❖Phenylalanine metabolism defect
❖phenylalanine readily crosses the placenta and can damage developing fetal organs especially neural and cardiac tissues.
❖must be normalized 3 months before conception

A

PHENYLKETONURIA

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12
Q

❖Most common single gene disorder worldwide
❖Endemic in mediterraneanand south east asiancountires.
❖Individuals of high risk ancestry be offered carrier screening to allow informed decision making regarding reproduction and prenatal diagnosis

A

THALLASEMIAS

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13
Q

has been associated with an increased risk for several pregnancy related complications, including hypertension, vaginal bleeding, hyperemesis, preterm delivery, and low-birth weight infants

A

INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE

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14
Q

Pregnancy can exacerbate interpersonal problems and is a time of increased risk from an abusive partner

A

INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE

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15
Q

Because domestic violence can escalate during pregnancy, even to the point of homicide, the preconceptional period provides an ideal time for screening, and if indicated, intervention

A

INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE

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16
Q

craving for and consumption of ice, laundry, starch, clay or dirt and other non food items

17
Q

increase risk of maternal risks of nutritional a deficiencies, electrolyte disturbances, cardiac arrhythmias, and gastrointestinal pathology

A

Anorexia and bulimia

18
Q

increased risk of hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, labor abnormalities, cesarean delivery, and operative complications

19
Q

excess exposure to these 2 agents is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders

A

methyl mercury and lead

20
Q
  • 40 %of multifetal gestations are conceived with the use of this technology
A

Assisted Reproductive Technology

21
Q

Assisted Reproductive Technology increases incidence of

A

placenta previa and abruption

22
Q
  • comprise 15% of pregnancies
  • more likely to request counseling
  • Increased risk of complications and pregnancy related mortality
A

Advanced maternal age

23
Q
  • increased risk for anemia, preterm delivery, pre eclampsia

- incidence of STI is also higher in pregnancy

A

Adolescents

24
Q

❖At least 3% of neonates in US will have at least 1 birth defect
❖neural-tube defects, phenylketonuria, thalassemias, and other diseases more common in individuals of Eastern European Jewish descent

A

GENETIC DISEASES

25
2-3 fold risk of having infants with structural anomalies
epilepsy
26
Epilepsy etiology - exposure to what anticonvulsant therapy
valproicacid and polytherapy
27
supplemental folic acid medications
carbmazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone
28
Incidence of fetal anomalies in women with elevated FBS is higher than normal women
GDM