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OB > CONGENITAL GU ABNORMALITIES > Flashcards

CONGENITAL GU ABNORMALITIES Flashcards

1
Q

Urogenital system develops from what 2 structures

A
  • mesoderm of intermediate cell mass (genital ridge)

- urogenital sinus (ant part of cloaca)

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2
Q

mesoderm of intermediate cell mass (genital ridge) will develop into 3 parts and will develop into what female organs

A

medial - ovaries
middle - atrophy in female
lateral - FT, uterus, upper 3/4 vagina

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3
Q

Urogenital system will develop into

A

lower 1/4 of vagina and vulva

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4
Q

arises from persistent remnant of mesonephric duct
Located in the proximal anterolateralwall of the vagina
Usually asymptomatic

A

GARTNER DUCT CYST

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5
Q

genital ridge will develop into what organ

A

ovary

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6
Q

primordial cells will develop into

A

ova

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7
Q

sex cords will develop into

A

granulosa cells

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8
Q

Gubernaculum will develop into what organ

A

uteroovarian and round ligaments

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9
Q

mesonephric tubules will develop into

A

epoophoron and paroophoron

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10
Q

mesonephric ducts will develop into

A

gartner duct

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11
Q

paramesophric ducts

A

uterus, FT, upper vagina

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12
Q

urogenital sinus will develop into

A 
vagina
bladder
urethra
paraurethral glands
greater bartholin and lesser vestibular glands
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13
Q

genital tubercle will develop into

A

clitoris

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14
Q

urogenital folds will develop into

A

labia minora

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15
Q

labioscrotal swellings will develop into

A

labia majora

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16
Q

ovary analogous in male

A

testis

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17
Q

ova analogous in male

A

spermatozoa

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18
Q

granulosa cells analogous in male

A

seminiferous tubules, sertoli cells

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19
Q

uteroovarian and round ligaments analogous in male

A

gubernaculum testis

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20
Q

epoophoron, paraoophoron analogous in male

A

efferent ductules, paradidymis

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21
Q

gartner duct analogous in male

A

epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct

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22
Q

uterus
FT
upper vagina
analogous in male

A

prostatic utricle

appendix of testis

23
Q

vagina analogous in male

A

prostatic utricle

24
Q

paraurethral glands analogous in male

A

prostate glands

25
Q

greater bartholin and lesser vestibular glands analogous in male

A

bulbourethral glands

26
Q

clitoris analogous in male

A

glans penis

27
Q

labia minora analogous in male

A

floor of penile urethra

28
Q

labia majora analogous in male

A

scrotum

29
Q
  • heralded by differentiation of primordial gonad into a testis or an ovary
  • if with Y chromosome, gonad develops into a testis
  • TDF (testis determining factor) encoded by SRY gene on the short arm of Y chromosome
A

Gonadal Gender

30
Q

sexual differentiation that begins at 8 weeks AOG

A

Phenotypic Gender

31
Q

development of internal and external genitalia of male phenotype is dependent on what

A

testicular function

32
Q

-produced by sertolicells of the seminiferous tubules
–Causes mullerianduct regression
–Prevents development of uterus , fallopian tube and vagina;

A

MIS (MULLERIAN INHIBITING SUBSTANCE)/ Antimullerian hormone (AMH)

33
Q
  • Streaked gonads
  • Absent breast development
  • Short stature (<60 in)
  • Webbed neck
  • Cubitus valgus
  • Short 4th metacarpal
  • Cardiac/renal abnormalities, hypothyroidism
A

Turner’s Syndrome

34
Q

Testicular feminization (AIS- Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome) karyotype

A

46 XY

35
Q 
46 XY
Testes produce estrogen
Feminine, sparse pubic hair
Shortened vagina
Undescended testes-inguinal/abdominal
Gonadectomy, ffdby Hormonal therapy;
Vaginoplasty/
dilators
A

Testicular feminization (AIS- Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome) karyotype

36
Q

upper vaginal agenesis, uterine hypoplasia or agenesis

A

MRKH (mayer-rokitansky-kuster-hauser) syndrome

37
Q

Caused by mullerian hypoplasia or agenesis

A

Mullerian Agenesis

38
Q

Mullerian Agenesis affects what 3 organ system

A

renal
skeletal
auditory

39
Q

Mullerian Agenesis karyotype

A

46 XX

40
Q

Tx of Mullerian Agenesis

A

–Creation of a neovagina

–Ovum retrieval via IVF: surrogate mother

41
Q

Class I

A

Mullerian Agenesis

42
Q

Maybe discovered during infertility evaluation, pelvic examination, cesarean delivery and tubal sterilization

Diagnostics: Hysterosalpingography, Laparoscopy, MRI, Hysteroscopy

A

Uterine Anomalies

43
Q

Class II

A

Unicornuate uterus

44
Q
  • Underdeveloped or rudimentary horn of the uterus is present
  • May or may not communicate with the other horn
  • Dx: HSG, MRI
  • Complications: ectopic gestation, miscarriage, preterm labor, Growth restriction
  • Tx; Excision of horn that has a cavity (non pregnant)
A

Unicornuate uterus

45
Q

Class III

A

Uterine Didelphys

46
Q
  • Complete lack of fusion
  • 2 uterus, 2 cervix, 2 vagina
  • OHVIRA (obstructed hemivagina, with ipsilateralrenal agenesis)
  • DX: PE-identification of longitudinal septum, 2 cervix
  • HSG: 2 endocervicalcanal
  • Imaging: 3D ultrasound, MRI
  • Complications: miscarriage, preterm birth
  • TX: metroplasty–resection of intervening myometrium
A

Uterine Didelphys

47
Q

Class IV

A

Bicornuate Uterus

48
Q
  • Fusion anomaly resulting in 2 hemiuteri
  • Central myometrium runs partially or completely into the cervix
  • Longitudinal septum not uncommon
  • Dx: HSG, 3D USG, MRI
  • Complications: miscarriage, preterm birth
  • TX: metroplasty–resection of intervening myometrium
A

Bicornuate Uterus

49
Q

Class V

A

Septate Uterus

50
Q
  • Resorptiondefect
  • Complete or partial longitudinal uterine septum
  • DX: 3D USG, MRI
  • Complication: malpresentation, miscarriage, PTB
  • TX: Hysteroscopic septal resection
A

Septate Uterus

51
Q

Class VI

A

Arcuate uterus

52
Q
  • Mild derivation from normal uterus

* No increased adverse obstetrical outcomes

A

Arcuate uterus

53
Q

Class VII

A

DES

54
Q
  • Transverse septum, circumferential ridge, cervical collar, uterus has smaller cavity, T-shaped
  • Vaginal clear cell ca, CIN, small cell cervical Ca, vaginal adenosis
  • > 50 years since discontinued
A

DES

OB (9 decks)

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