Practicum 4 Review Questions Flashcards
Where are ependymal cells located and what are their function?
Resemble a cuboidal epithelium cell and line the internal cavities of the brain and spinal cord.
Their function is to produce cerebrospinal fluid and circulate it with their cilia.
What cranial nerve is associated with roman numeral number I? Is this nerve sensory, motor, or both?
Olfactory Nerve; sensory
Which nerve fibers come from the ventral root? (sensory or motor)
motor
What is the function of reflexes?
Reflexes are used to protect us against injury
Somatic reflexes activate skeletal muscle
Autonomic reflexes activate visceral effectors (smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, or glands)
What cranial nerve is associated with roman numeral XII? Is this nerve sensory, motor, or both?
Hypoglossal Nerve; motor
Where are astrocytes located and what are their function?
Located in CNS in the brain.
They form a supportive framework and form the blood brain barrier, scar tissue, and fill space formerly occupied by damaged neurons
Which nerve fibers come from the dorsal root? (sensory or motor)
Sensory
What cranial nerve is associated with roman numeral V? Is this nerve sensory, motor, or both?
Trigeminal Nerve; BOTH but mainly sensory.
Has 3 branches: ophthalmic, maxillary, mandibular
Where are Nodes of Ranvier located and what are their function?
Located in the axon of a neuron - gap between myelin sheath.
Facilitates the
rapid conduction of nerve impulses
What cranial nerve is associated with roman numeral IX? Is this nerve sensory, motor, or both?
Glossopharyngeal; both
Where are microglia found and what are their function?
Found in the CNS.
They are small macrophages that develop from white blood
cells called monocytes
What cranial nerve is associated with roman numeral II? Is this nerve sensory, motor, or both?
Optic nerve; sensory
What is the function of the parietal lobe?
Primary site for receiving and interpreting signals of the general senses
What cranial nerve is associated with roman numeral VII? Is this nerve sensory, motor, or both?
Facial Nerve; both
What is the function of the occipital lobe?
Principle visual center of the brain
Where are oligodendrocytes found and what is their function?
Located around CNS nerve fibers.
Function is to insulate the nerve fiber from the
extracellular fluid (myelin sheath)
What cranial nerve is associated with roman numeral XI? Is this nerve sensory, motor, or both?
Accessory Nerve; motor
What are the steps of the reflex arc?
Receptor, sensory neuron, integration center, motor neuron, effector
What cranial nerve is associated with roman numeral IV? Is this nerve sensory, motor, or both?
Trochlear Nerve; motor
What is the function of the frontal lobe?
Voluntary motor functions, motivation, planning, judgment, mood, emotion,
social judgment, and aggression
Define intrinsic reflexes vs acquired reflexes
Intrinsic = rapid, predictable motor response to a stimulus; unlearned, born with it; regulated by brain and spinal cord
Acquired = results from practice or repetition
Where are schwann cells found and what are their function?
Only found in PNS and envelop nerve fibers of the PNS.
Produce a myelin sheath similar to the ones produced by oligodendrocytes.
Assist in regeneration of damaged fibers.
What cranial nerve is associated with roman numeral III? Is this nerve sensory, motor, or both?
Oculomotor Nerve; motor
What are the properties of a reflex?
Reflexes require stimulation,
reflexes are quick,
reflexes are involuntary,
reflexes
are stereotyped
What is the function of the temporal lobe
Hearing, smell, learning, and some aspects of vision and emotion
What is the functions of the pons? The function of the medulla oblongata?
Pons = sleep, respiration, hearing, balance
Medulla oblongata = breathing, heart beats, BP, swallowing
What cranial nerve is associated with roman numeral VIII? Is this nerve sensory, motor, or both?
Vestibulocochlear; sensory
What cranial nerve is associated with roman numeral VI? Is this nerve sensory, motor, or both?
Abducens; motor
Where are satellite cells found and what are their function?
Surround the neurosomas in ganglia of the PNS.
They provide electrical
insulation around the soma. Regulate the chemical environment of the neurons.
What cranial nerve is associated with roman numeral X? Is this nerve sensory, motor, or both?
Vagus; both
