Practice Questions Flashcards
Ms. Goldberg arrives to the clinic with complaints of fever, fatigue, weakness, and increased joint pain and stiffness in both hands and wrist. On assessment you notice an ulnar drift and subcutaneous nodules. Which of the following is the underlying cause of the manifestations of her rheumatoid arthritis?
a. Enlarged spur-like bony projections
b. Invasion of T cells and macrophages in the cartilage
c. Inflammatory response from cytokines
d. Overproduction of uric acid
- c
the stages of chronic kidney disease are based upon:
a. Creatinine levels
b. BUN levels
c. Potassium levels
d. Glomerular filtration rate
- d
Which of the following contributes to osteodystrophy in patients with chronic renal disease?
a. Hypoparathyroidism
b. Proteinuria
c. Dyslipidemia
d. Vitamin D Deficiency
- d
Which of the following contribute to an overactive bladder? Select all that apply.
a. Neurologic damage
b. Intravesicular pressure
c. Aging
d. Urethral Stricture
- a, b, c
Which of the following statement is true regarding the development of obesity? There is:
a. increased leptin resistance
b. increased adiponectin production
c. decreased Grehlin activity
d. decreased insulin resistance
- a
Which of the following contributing factors occur in nephrotic syndrome?
a. Low Oncotic Pressure
b. Hyperalbuminemia
c. Decreased aldosterone
d. Diabetes Mellitus
- a
Which of the following are systemic manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis? Select all that apply.
a. Limping
b. Fever
c. Fatigue
d. Insomnia
- b, c
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding inflammatory bowel disease? There is a/an:
a. autoimmune response to antigens
b. decreased uptake of bacteria in the gut.
c. increased incidence of constipation.
d. obstruction leading to increased intraluminal pressure
- a
- Which of the following would be a pre-renal cause of acute kidney injury?
a. Hypotension
b. Kidney stone
c. Renal tumor
d. All of the above
- a
Which of the following statement is FALSE regarding the development of osteoporosis?
a. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) regulates the RANK/RANKL system
b. RANKL increases bone resorption
c. RANK decreases osteoclast survival
d. Osteoclast bind with a RANKL protein
- c
Which of the following is the most common cause of pyelonephritis?
a. Infection
b. Trauma
c. Kidney Stones
d. Catheters
- c
Ulcerative colitis is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:
a. Knifelike fissuring ulcerations in the colonic wall
b. Transmural inflammation involving the intestinal wall
c. Crypt abscesses develop in the large intestine
d. Thickening of the intestinal mucosae
- b
Which of the following is the serologic marker for someone exposed to hepatitis C virus (HCV)?
a. HCV antigen
b. Anti-HCV antibodies
c. HCV core positive
d. HCV antibodies
- b
Which of the following causes excess fluid into the cartilage in osteoarthritis?
a. Development of cysts in the subchondral bone
b. Outgrowth of osteophytes from the underlying bone
c. Cytokine and anabolic growth factor pathways
d. Disruption of proteoglycan pumping action
- d
Ms. Jackson is a 21 year old female who recently developed acute hepatitis B virus (HBV). She has been followed for 4 months and remains anti-HB surface negative. Which of the following statements is False regarding her hepatitis B status?
a. She is likely to be in the window phase
b. HBV DNA is likely to be negative
c. She has developed chronic hepatitis B
d. She is likely to be anti-HB core positive
- c
