Practice Paper 1 Flashcards
What sample do you take to check for infection?
Urine
How many patients die of health-care associated infection every year?
5,000
When treating for C.diff what PPE is needed?
Apron and gloves (mask too?)
Which structure is unique to gram negative bacteria?
Outer membrane
What % of patients acquire an infection whilst in hospital?
10%
Which bacterial pathogen is the main cause of antibiotic associated diarrhoea?
C.diff
What shape is Escherichia coli and Neisseria meningitidis
Escherichia coli is rod-shaped
Neisseria meningitidis is coccus
Which part of the body is most heavily colonized by bacteria?
The gastrointestinal tract
What is the most appropriate method to decontaminate hands when caring for patients suffering from c.diff.
Wash hands with soap and water following patient contact.
Is the herpes virus ubiquitous or not?
It is ubiquitous
Which type of cell is depleted during HIV/AIDS?
CD4+ T-lymphocytes
Which antibiotic acts on bacterial cell wall?
Vancomycin
What specimen should be collected using a swab?
Urethral discharge?
Which virus is associated with causing cancer?
Epstein Barr Virus
What is the MAIN route of spread for hepatitis A virus?
Faecal-oral
Which organism is commonly associated with meningitis in young babies?
Group B Streptococcus
What is the leading cause of community acquired pneumonia?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
What virus family does the mumps virus belong to?
Paramyxoviruses
Which enteric organism is associated with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)?
Escherichia Coli
What sample should be taken from a patient with suspected Shigella infection?
Faecal sample
What sample should be taken from an elderly patient from a care home being admitted for a hip replacement?
A nasal swab
What sample should be taken from a patient who has been on long term antibiotics and presents with diarrhoea
Faecal sample
What sample should be taken from a 22 year old student with suspected meningitis?
Cerebrospinal fluid
What sample should be taken from a hospitalised female patient who develops pyelonephritis?
Clean catch urine
What’s the most common organism causing urinary tract infections?
Escherichia coli
What is the leading cause of tonsillitis?
Streptococcus pyogenes
What is the main cause for impetigo?
Staphylcoccus aureus
What is one of the two most important causes of bacterial meningtitis?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
What is a common cause of medical device related infection?
Staphylococcus epidermidis
What condition causes urgency, pain and frequency associated with urination, blood in the urine and lower back pain?
Pyelonephritis
What condition has a sudden onset of development of painful, red generalised area of skin that is hot to tender?
Cellulitis
What condition has nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea?
Salmonella enterica infection
What condition has purlent sputum, shortness of breath, cyanosis, chest pain and fever?
Pneumonia
What condition has fever, abdominal cramps and bloody diarrhoea that is full of mucous?
Bacillary dysentery
What sample do you take for an elderly patient that has been bedridden for three weeks and has developed pressure sores that are now red and painful?
General medical ward, wound swab
What sample do you do for a baby showing signs of meningitis and the mother is positive for group B streptococcus?
Take a cerebrospinal fluid sample
What sample do you take for an elderly patient arrives who has faecal incontinence and complains of pain that is limited to the bladder region?
Urine sample
What sample do you take?. Elderly patient, post heart surgery, wound is red, swollen and painful with purulent exudate visible. Patient has been admitted to hospital four times in the last 6 months and has been taking antibiotics for a chest infection?
Blood and nasal swab and inform the infection prevention team.
What sample do you take? elderly homeless ham brought in with chest pain, fever, high resp rate. Productive cough and lips are blue
Take blood and sputum samples.
