Gram Positive Bacteria (Streptococci)

Question 1

Two types of Streptococcs

Answer 1

Pneumoniae and pyogene

Question 2

Streptococcus pneumoniae causes

Answer 2

Pneumococcal meningitis and pneumonia

Question 3

Streptococcus pneumoniae effect in agar

Answer 3

Alpha haemolytic (turns blood agar green)

Question 4

Streptococcus pneumoniae colonises… and %

Answer 4

Nasopharynx

5-10% healthy adults and 40% healthy children

Question 5

Streptococcus pneumoniae is what type of infection?

Answer 5

Invasive infection = there’s a capsule around bacterium

Question 6

Pneumococcal meningitis symptoms in adults

Answer 6

Headache, fever, neasea/vomiting, blotchy red rash

Question 7

Pneumococcal meningitis symptoms in children <2

Answer 7

Floppy and unresponsive, staring expression, loss of appetite/vomiting, pale and blotchy skin

Question 8

Pneumonia cases

Answer 8

25%-60% of cases of pneumonia

Question 9

Pneumonia symptoms

Answer 9

Fever, productive cough, rusty sputum.

Question 10

Pneumonia treatment

Answer 10

Depends on sensitivity, penicillin if sensitive or vancomycin

Question 11

Pneumonia vaccines

Answer 11

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine - 65yo

Question 12

Streptococcus pyogene AKA

Answer 12

GAS (group A streptococci

Question 13

Streptococcus pyogene effect in agar

Answer 13

B- haemolytic (clear around colonies when grown on blood agar)

Question 14

Streptococcus pyogenes causes

Answer 14

Strep throat (pharyngitis), impetigo, cellulitis and necrotising fasciitis

Question 15

Strep throat (pharyngitis) complications

Answer 15

Scarlet fever, quinsy (inflammation of throat), sinusitis.

Question 16

Treatment for Strep throat

Answer 16

Oral antibiotics (amoxicillin)

Question 17

Impetigo has

Answer 17

Bullae (blisters) that burst and yellow discharge chrusts

Question 18

Treatment for impetigo

Answer 18

Oral antibiotics (flucloxacillin)

Question 19

Which streptococci infection is also caused by S.aureus

Answer 19

Cellulitis

Question 20

What is celllulitis?

Answer 20

Inflammation of subcutaneous connective tissue.

How red skin diffuses rapidly.

Question 21

How does cellulitis spread?

Answer 21

Enters skin via trauma/lesion/boil.

Question 22

Treatment for cellulitis?

Answer 22

Anti Staph and Strep antibiotics. (Flucloxacillin or penicillin).

Question 23

What is necrotising fasciitis

Answer 23

An emergency! Acute infection of deeper later (fascial) of skin.

Question 24

Necrotising fasciitis symptoms

Answer 24

Red, hot, swollen, very painful. Severely unwell - septic shock.

Question 25

How do you get necrotising Fasciiitis?

Answer 25

Trauma, surgical wounds, diabetes.

Question 26

Necrotising fasciitis treatments

Answer 26

Aggressive antibiotics, IV, debridement

Question 27

Necrotising fasciitis mortality

Answer 27

20-30%