PRactice lab 2 muscles Flashcards
What is the origin of the Pectoralis major?
Clavicle, Sternum, Ribs
The Pectoralis major is a key muscle involved in movements of the shoulder joint.
What is the insertion point of the Pectoralis major?
Humerus: Intertubercular sulcus
This insertion allows the muscle to flex, adduct, and medially rotate the humerus.
What actions does the Deltoid perform?
Flex, Medially Rotate, Extend, Laterally Rotate, Abduct Humerus
The Deltoid has three portions: anterior, lateral, and posterior, each responsible for different actions.
What is the primary action of the Serratus anterior?
Protract Scapula; Upwardly Rotate Scapula
Essential for movements such as pushing and reaching overhead.
What is the origin of the Coracobrachialis?
Scapula: Coracoid process
This muscle assists in flexing and adducting the humerus.
What actions does the Trapezius perform?
Elevate, Depress, Retract, Upwardly Rotate Scapula
The Trapezius is crucial for shoulder and neck movements.
What is the origin of the Latissimus dorsi?
Vertebrae, Ribs, Ilium
This muscle is involved in adduction, extension, and medial rotation of the humerus.
What is the main function of the Erector spinae?
Extend Vertebral Column
This group of muscles helps maintain posture and supports the spine.
What is the action of the Palmaris longus?
Flex Wrist
It also helps in tensing the palmar aponeurosis.
Fill in the blank: The _______ flexes the wrist and adducts the wrist.
Flexor carpi ulnaris
This muscle originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus.
What is the insertion of the Flexor digitorum superficialis?
Middle phalanges
It plays a role in flexing both the wrist and fingers.
What is the action of the Flexor pollicis longus?
Flex Thumb
This muscle specifically targets the thumb’s distal phalanx.
What is the origin of the Extensor digitorum?
Humerus: Lateral epicondyle
It is responsible for extending the wrist and fingers II-V.
True or False: The Biceps brachii has two heads.
True
The long head and short head originate from different parts of the scapula.
What is the action of the Brachialis?
Flex Elbow
This muscle is a primary flexor of the elbow joint.
Fill in the blank: The _______ extends the elbow.
Triceps brachii
The Triceps brachii has three heads: long, lateral, and medial.
What is the function of the Supinator?
Supinate Elbow
It assists in rotating the forearm to turn the palm upwards.
What is the origin of the Pronator teres?
Humerus & Ulna
This muscle helps in pronating the elbow.
What is the origin of the Pectoralis major?
Clavicle, Sternum, Ribs
The Pectoralis major is a large muscle in the chest responsible for various movements of the humerus.
What is the insertion point of the Pectoralis major?
Humerus: Intertubercular sulcus
The intertubercular sulcus is a groove on the humerus where the Pectoralis major attaches.
What actions does the Pectoralis major perform?
Flex, Adduct, and Medially Rotate Humerus
These actions contribute to movements like bringing the arm towards the body and rotating it inward.
What is the origin of the Deltoid muscle?
Scapula: Acromion & Spine, Clavicle
The Deltoid muscle is responsible for the rounded contour of the shoulder.
What are the actions of the Deltoid muscle?
Flex and Medially Rotate Humerus (anterior portion); Extend and Laterally Rotate Humerus (posterior portion); Abduct Humerus (lateral portion)
The Deltoid muscle has multiple functions depending on which portion is engaged.
What is the action of the Serratus anterior?
Protract Scapula; Upwardly Rotate Scapula
This muscle is crucial for movements of the shoulder and stability of the scapula.
What is the function of the Coracobrachialis muscle?
Adduct and Flex Humerus
The Coracobrachialis assists in flexing the arm at the shoulder joint.
What actions does the Pectoralis minor muscle perform?
Protract Scapula; Depress Scapula
The Pectoralis minor helps in moving the scapula forward and downward.
What are the origins of the Trapezius muscle?
Occipital bone, Vertebrae, Nuchal ligament
The Trapezius muscle spans the upper back and neck.
What actions does the Trapezius muscle perform?
Elevate Scapula; Depress Scapula; Retract Scapula; Upwardly Rotate Scapula
The Trapezius is involved in various movements of the shoulder girdle.
What is the origin of the Latissimus dorsi?
Vertebrae, Ribs, Ilium
This large muscle of the back plays a key role in arm movements.
What actions does the Latissimus dorsi perform?
Adduct, Extend, and Medially Rotate Humerus
It is crucial for actions like pulling and lifting.
What is the function of the Erector spinae muscles?
Extend Vertebral Column
These muscles are essential for maintaining posture and extending the spine.
What is the origin of the Palmaris longus?
Humerus: Medial epicondyle
This muscle is involved in wrist flexion.
What is the action of the Palmaris longus muscle?
Flex Wrist
It helps in flexing the wrist and tensing the palmar aponeurosis.
What is the origin of the Flexor carpi ulnaris?
Humerus: Medial epicondyle
This muscle is located on the ulnar side of the forearm.
What actions does the Flexor carpi ulnaris perform?
Flex Wrist; Adduct Wrist
It aids in bending the wrist and moving it toward the body.
What is the origin of the Flexor carpi radialis?
Humerus: Medial epicondyle
This muscle is found on the radial side of the forearm.
What actions does the Flexor carpi radialis perform?
Flex Wrist; Abduct Wrist
It assists in bending the wrist and moving it away from the body.
What is the origin of the Flexor digitorum superficialis?
Humerus: Medial epicondyle
This muscle is responsible for flexing the fingers.
What actions does the Flexor digitorum superficialis perform?
Flex Wrist and Fingers
It allows for bending both the wrist and the fingers.
What is the origin of the Flexor digitorum profundus?
Ulna
This muscle plays a role in deeper finger flexion.
What actions does the Flexor digitorum profundus perform?
Flex Wrist and Fingers
It allows for greater flexion of the fingers compared to the superficialis.
What is the origin of the Flexor pollicis longus?
Radius
This muscle is specifically for thumb movement.
What action does the Flexor pollicis longus perform?
Flex Thumb
It is essential for gripping and pinching actions.
What is the origin of the Extensor digitorum?
Humerus: Lateral epicondyle
This muscle extends the fingers and wrist.
What actions does the Extensor digitorum perform?
Extend Wrist and Fingers
It is crucial for opening the hand and extending the wrist.
What is the origin of the Extensor carpi ulnaris?
Humerus: Lateral epicondyle
This muscle helps in wrist movement.
What actions does the Extensor carpi ulnaris perform?
Extend Wrist; Adduct Wrist
It assists in extending the wrist and moving it toward the body.
What is the origin of the Extensor carpi radialis longus?
Humerus: Lateral epicondyle
This muscle is involved in the movement of the wrist.
What actions does the Extensor carpi radialis longus perform?
Extend Wrist; Abduct Wrist
It helps in extending the wrist and moving it away from the body.
What is the origin of the Extensor carpi radialis brevis?
Humerus: Lateral epicondyle
This muscle is similar to the longus but shorter in length.
What actions does the Extensor carpi radialis brevis perform?
Extend Wrist; Abduct Wrist
It assists in extending the wrist and moving it laterally.
What is the origin of the Pronator quadratus?
Distal Ulna
This muscle is located near the wrist and aids in pronation.
What is the action of the Pronator quadratus?
Pronate Elbow
It rotates the forearm such that the palm faces downward.
What is the origin of the Biceps brachii - long head?
Scapula: Glenoid cavity (superior)
This part of the biceps originates from the shoulder area.
What is the insertion point of the Biceps brachii - long head?
Radius: Radial tuberosity
This is where the biceps attaches to the radius.
What actions does the Biceps brachii - long head perform?
Flex Elbow; Supinate Elbow
It is involved in bending the elbow and rotating the forearm.
What is the origin of the Biceps brachii - short head?
Scapula: Coracoid process
This part of the biceps originates from a different area of the scapula.
What is the insertion point of the Biceps brachii - short head?
Radius: Radial tuberosity
Similar to the long head, it attaches at the radial tuberosity.
What actions does the Biceps brachii - short head perform?
Flex Elbow; Supinate Elbow
It shares similar functions with the long head.
What is the action of the Brachialis muscle?
Flex Elbow
This muscle is a primary flexor of the elbow.
What is the action of the Brachioradialis muscle?
Flex Elbow
It assists in elbow flexion, particularly in a neutral position.
What is the origin of the Triceps brachii - long head?
Scapula: Glenoid cavity (inferior)
This part of the triceps originates from the lower part of the shoulder blade.
What is the insertion point of the Triceps brachii - long head?
Ulna: Olecranon
The olecranon is the bony prominence of the elbow.
What actions does the Triceps brachii - long head perform?
Extend Elbow
It is primarily responsible for straightening the elbow.
What is the origin of the Triceps brachii - lateral head?
Proximal Humerus
This part of the triceps originates from the upper arm bone.
What is the insertion point of the Triceps brachii - lateral head?
Ulna: Olecranon
Similar to the long head, it attaches at the olecranon.
What actions does the Triceps brachii - lateral head perform?
Extend Elbow
It contributes to the extension of the elbow.
What is the origin of the Triceps brachii - medial head?
Humerus: Shaft
This part of the triceps originates from the body of the humerus.
What is the insertion point of the Triceps brachii - medial head?
Ulna: Olecranon
Like the other heads, it also attaches at the olecranon.
What actions does the Triceps brachii - medial head perform?
Extend Elbow
It aids in extending the elbow along with the other heads.
What is the action of the Anconeus muscle?
Extend Elbow
This small muscle assists in elbow extension.
What is the origin of the Supinator?
Humerus & Ulna
This muscle assists in supinating the forearm.
What action does the Supinator perform?
Supinate Elbow
It rotates the forearm so the palm faces upward.
What is the origin of the Pronator teres?
Humerus & Ulna
This muscle is involved in pronating the forearm.
What action does the Pronator teres perform?
Pronate Elbow
It rotates the forearm to turn the palm downward.
