Practice Exam Questions Flashcards
1
Q
- You have received a shipment of chilled stallion semen from a stud. From the following selections, which characteristics would you like to receive with the shipment paperwork to ensure the mare receives a suitable insemination dose?
A
Semen volume, percentage motility, morphology, date of collection, stallion identification and semen concentration
2
Q
- The most common position to deposit semen for insemination of the mare using fresh or chilled semen is:
A
c. In the body of the uterus
3
Q
- Spermatozoa are particularly sensitive to sudden temperature changes in the range:
A
b. +20ºC to +4ºC
4
Q
- You are involved in managing an embryo transfer programme where you only have access to three potential recipients. You need to tightly synchronise ovulation in the recipients with that of the donor mare. Which of the following options would give the best result?
A
c. Insert a CIDR-B intravaginally into each mare for 12 days. Ovulation would be expected four to six days after the end of treatment provided all mares were given Human chorionic gonadotrophin two days after the CIDR-B’s were removed.
5
Q
- Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is an emerging assisted breeding technology. The process of ICSI involves:
A
- Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is an emerging assisted breeding technology. The process of ICSI involves:
6
Q
- What type of syringes should be used when handling semen? Describe these syringes and state why the traditional syringes are unsuitable.
A
- Non spermicidal, no rubber or lubricant
7
Q
- You are conducting a pre-purchase semen evaluation on a stallion and find that he has a high percentage of sperm with proximal cytoplasmic droplets. What might this finding suggest to you
A
- immature sperm
- age
8
Q
- Why does chilling to 4ºC prolong the life of spermatozoa?
A
- Slows down metabolic activity (every 10*c there is a 50% drop in metabolic activity.
9
Q
- Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in semen as a result of oxidative metabolism. What effect/s do ROS have on semen? Name two forms of ROS.
A
- Damages the plasma membrane get into the cell and dance the cell
- Hydrogen ions, atmosphere (O3)
10
Q
- Chilled semen may be packaged for shipping in a whirlpak bag or a falcon tube. For each, list one advantage and one disadvantage.
A
Whirlpak:
- Advantages: gets rid of all the air
- Disadvantages:
Falcon Tube:
- Advantages: can sit in disposable containers, easy to draw semen, easier to write labels, holding outside of tube changes temp less then whirlpak
- Disadvantages:
11
Q
- When shipping chilled semen to mare owners, there are several options for the transport of the semen from the stallion facility to the mare facility. Name three options and list one advantage OR disadvantage for each.
A
- Over night shipping
- Same day
- Air
12
Q
- When determining a stallion’s fertility rate, which of the fertility indices provides the most meaningful information for mare owners? Why?
A
- Progressively motile
- Concentration/volume
- First cycle conception rates – why?
13
Q
- When chilling or freezing semen, it is very important to avoid cold shock to the spermatozoa. In what temperature range is this most critical?
A
- 4-20*C
14
Q
- Briefly discuss one intrauterine diagnostic procedure that can be used on mares, including a summary of the technique and potential findings.
A
- Swab culture of uterus
- Biopsy (Kenny-diong scale 1-3scale)
15
Q
- Synchronisation of the oestrus cycles of mares can be used to advantage in horse breeding programs. Describe two situations where oestrus synchronisation can be useful.
A
- Embryo transfer between donor and recipient
- Multiple for splitting frozen semen
- Staggered options
