Practice Exam

Question 1

T/F

Renal excretion rate for solute can never exceed filtered load

Answer 1

False

Question 2

What hormone produced by kidney in response to SNS +

Answer 2

Renin

Question 3

What would increase GFR but decrease renal blood flow

Answer 3

Constriction of efferent arterioles

Question 4

What can kidney produce fro alanine, glycerol, lactate

Answer 4

Glucose

Question 5

What hormone produced by kidneys stimulates production of RBC

Answer 5

EPO

Question 6

What percentage of resting CO does kidneys receive

Answer 6

25%

Question 7

At rest glomerular filtration rate averages what quantity of plasma filtrate

Answer 7

125 ml/min

Question 8

Average urine production in day is equal to which of following

Answer 8

1500 ml/day

Question 9

Why does capillary hydrostatic P stay constant along length of glomerular capillary

Answer 9

Due to high resistance efferent arterioles

Question 10

In kidney, where does reabsorption take place

Answer 10

Peritubular capillaries

Question 11

Majority of nephrons are capable of concentrating urine

T/f

Answer 11

False

Question 12

Process of micturition, what sphincter is under voluntary control allowing us to decide when to urinate

Answer 12

External urethral sphincter

Question 13

What causes contraction of detrusor muscle and relaxation of internal sphincter, giving urge to urinate

Answer 13

+ of PSNS

Question 14

On average what percent of body weight is total body water

Answer 14

60%

Question 15

On average what % of body weight is ECF

Answer 15

20%

Question 16

If you dehydrate and lose 2 L fluid, what kind of fluid shift would you expect

Answer 16

Some fluid would shift from ICF to ECF

Question 17

Which marker best suited to measure total body water

Answer 17

Isotropic water

Question 18

What fluid loss would cause only loss in ECF volume, no change in osmolarity and no shift in volume between ICF and ECF

Answer 18

Diarrhea

Question 19

Clearance of what injected substance equal to glomerular filtration rate

Answer 19

Inulin

Question 20

What substance has high clearance rate

Answer 20

PAH

Question 21

At normal blood levels, how can renal handling of glucose be described

Answer 21

Freely filtered, all reabsorbed

Question 22

Physiologic significance of substance x with clearance ratio = 1

Answer 22

Clearance of X equal to GFR

Question 23

Most important function of kidney

Answer 23

Reabsorption of Na

Question 24

What % of Na is reabsorbed in proximal tubule

Answer 24

66%

Question 25

When would some filtered glucose first spill into urine

Answer 25

Plasma concentration of glucose first exceeds 200 mg/dL

Question 26

Physiologic Function of urea in kidneys

Answer 26

Helps create osmotic gradient important in concentration of urine

Question 27

What located on basolateral side of tubular cell that drives reabsorption of most solutes in PT

Answer 27

Na K ATPase

Question 28

Thick AL has what effect on tubular fluid

Answer 28

Dilutes it

Question 29

What tubular cell in late DT responsible for K secretion

Answer 29

Principal cell

Question 30

What effect does insulin have in intracellular K concentration

Answer 30

Increase

Question 31

What receptors mediate ADH effect to insert aquaporin 2 (makes CD permeable to water which allows reabsorption of water)

Answer 31

V2

Question 32

Normal arterial pH

Answer 32

7.4

Question 33

Hyperventilation cause of

Answer 33

Respiratory alkalosis

Question 34

Normal compensation to metabolic acidosis

Answer 34

Increased ventilation

Question 35

If renal perfusion pressure increases by 50 mmHg what is true

Answer 35

Both GFR and renal blood flow would stay constant

Question 36

Most autoregulation of renal blood flow and GFR involves constriction or dilation of what vessels

Answer 36

Afferent arterioles

Question 37

Clearance of PAH equal to

Answer 37

Renal plasma flow

Question 38

What condition does renal excretion of acid increase 10 fold

Answer 38

Diabetic ketoacidosis