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Phys 3 > Exam 2 Continued > Flashcards

Exam 2 Continued Flashcards

1
Q

Low pressure baroreceptors located in

A

Atrial wall

Pulmonary A

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2
Q

Low pressure baroreceptor augment

A

Arterial baroreceptors

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3
Q

Low pressure baroreceptor minimize arterial pressure changes in response to

A

Blood volume changes

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4
Q

Baroreceptor reflex causes

A

Decreased HR

Increased urine production

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5
Q

You never buy beer, you merely

A

Rent it

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6
Q

Acute renal output curve due to

A

Effect of arterial pressure alone

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7
Q

Chronic renal output curve

A 
Effect of arterial pressure plus
SNS
RAAS
Aldosterone
ADH
ANP
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8
Q

___ releases ANP

A

Atrial wall

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9
Q

ANP targets

A

Kidney

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10
Q

Release of ANP causes

A

Fluid loss
Lose Na
Vasodilator

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11
Q

Increased ECF will cause

A

Arterial pressure to rise

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12
Q

Filtration occurs in

A

Glomerular capillaries

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13
Q

Reabsorption occurs in

A

Peritubular capillaries

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14
Q

Flow order in kidney

A
  1. Afferent arterioles
  2. Glomerular capillaries
  3. Efferent arterioles
  4. Peritubular capillaries
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15
Q

Slowest and strongest method to control arterial pressure

A

Renal fluid volume pressure control

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16
Q

Fastest method to control arterial pressure

A

Baroreceptor

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17
Q

Stress relaxation method to control arterial pressure mainly occurs in

A

Veins

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18
Q

Lowest gain of arterial pressure mechanism

A

Renting angiotensin vasoconstriction

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19
Q

Higher gain =

A

More effective control system

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20
Q

Kidney has ___ gain

A

Infinite

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21
Q

Hormones that decrease renal blood flow

A

NorEpi
Epi
Angiotensin 2

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22
Q

Hormones that increase renal blood flow

A

Prostaglandins

Dopamine

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23
Q

Tubuloglomerular feedback monitors

A

NaCl in macula densa of distal tubule

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24
Q

Low NaCl in macula densa stimulates ____ release from ____

A

Renin

Juxtaglomerular cells

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25
Source of renin
Smooth muscle cells in Afferent arteriole
26
Renin release stimulated by
``` SNS Low NaCl to macula densa Thyroid hormone GH Low perfusion pressure ```
27
Renin catalyzes
Angiotensinogen (liver) —> angiotensin 1
28
Angiotensin 1 —> angiotensin 2 occurs primarily in
Lung
29
Organs playing role in RAAS
Liver Kidney Lungs
30
Hormones produced by kidney
Renin EPO Activated Vit D
31
Functions of angiotensin 2
+ aldosterone + ADH + kidney Net effect to lower Na and water excretion to raise BP + drinking in hypothalamus
32
Most important job of kidney
Reabsorb Na
33
Tie 1 renal artery
HTN | No uremia
34
Tie 1 renal artery and remove kidney
No HTN | No uremia
35
Tie off and remove both kidneys
HTN | Uremia
36
Slow breathing increases arterial
Baroreflex sensitivity
37
Benefits of flow breathing
Improve resting O2 saturation Improve exercise tolerance Improve ventilation mismatch Lower chemoreflex activation Lower SNS Lower SBP and DBP
38
NO from endothelium
Relaxes smooth muscle
39
___ may act at CNS; ___ may act centrally... both inhibit SNS
Serotonin NO
40
Baroreceptors abundant in
Carotid sinus | Arch of aorta
41
Net effects of baroreceptor
Vasodilation | Decreased CO
42
___ is fetal organ of gas exchange
Placenta
43
Blood returns to fetus from placenta via
Umbilical vein
44
Ductus arteriosis goes with
SVC
45
Foramen ovale goes with
IVC
46
DA and FO all blood to bypass
Lungs
47
DV allow umbilical and portal blood to bypass
Liver
48
Highest O2 saturation in fetus
Umbilical vein 80%
49
Lowest O2 saturation in fetal blood
SVC 25%
50
Loss of blood flow through placenta doubles
Systemic vascular resistance
51
Right and left ventricle pump in ___ into aorta in fetus
Parallel
52
____ pulmonary blood flow in fetus
Very little
53
Blood returning from placenta via umbilical vein bypass liver and flow directly into
IVC via ductus Venosus
54
FO shunts most blood returning fo heart from IVC to
LA
55
DA shunts most blood returning to heart from SVC to
Aorta
56
In exercise, CO increases
5-6 fold
57
in exercise, low TPR due to
Vasodilation in active muscle due to local vasodilators
58
What falls in exercise
VO2 | TPR
59
SNS effects in exercise
Vasoconstriction arterioles Vasoconstriction veins Increase HR
60
SNS stimulation due to
Cerebral cortex stimulation Reflex signals form active joint proprioceptors Local chemoreceptor signals
61
SNS indirectly induces local vasodilation in heart due to
Promoting release of adenosine
62
Pulmonary blood flow =
CO
63
Increase venous return during exercise due to
SNS constriction Venous pump Increase respiration

Phys 3 (8 decks)

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