practice exam 1

Question 1

Which of the following best demonstrates the principle of complementarity of structure and function?

Answer 1

Bones can support and protect

Question 2

Cells within the body work independently of one another and rarely have direct effects on other cells.

Answer 2

F

Question 3

A structure that is composed of two or more tissue types that work together to perform specific functions for the body is a(n) ________.

Answer 3

organ

Question 4

Which of the following organ systems is involved in the uptake and transport of materials required for life-sustaining processes?

I. Digestive system 
II. Urinary system 
III. Nervous system 
IV. Circulatory system 
V. Reproductive system 
VI. Respiratory system

Answer 4

I, IV, VI

Question 5

It is important for any organism to maintain its boundaries, so that its internal environment remains distinct from the external environment surrounding it.

Answer 5

T

Question 6

Generally what is the result of the negative feedback process?

Answer 6

to maintain homeostasis

Question 7

Homeostasis is the condition in which the body maintains ________.

Answer 7

a relatively stable internal environment, within limits

Question 8

Which directional term is used to describe the relationship of the skin to the skeletal muscles?

Answer 8

superficial

Question 9

Anatomical position is important because ________.

Answer 9

it allows a common point of reference for body position to help communicate anatomical relationships

Question 10

Which of the following imaging devices would best localize a tumor in a person’s brain?

Answer 10

MRI

Question 11

In which body cavities are the lungs located?

Answer 11

pleural, ventral, and thoracic

Question 12

The part of the serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity wall is called visceral peritoneum.

Answer 12

F

Question 13

A major function of serous membranes is to decrease friction.

Answer 13

T

Question 14

Which four elements comprise approximately 96% of our body weight?

Answer 14

carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental subatomic unit of an element?

Answer 15

nucleus

Question 16

Select the correct statement about isotopes.

Answer 16

Isotopes of the same element have the same atomic number but differ in their mass number.

Question 17

In a solution, the solute is the substance present in the greatest amount.

Answer 17

F

Question 18

You notice that you cannot read your book through a test tube of fluid held against the print, making it so blurred as to be unreadable. There is no precipitant in the bottom of the beaker, though it has been sitting for several days in a rack. What type of liquid is this?

Answer 18

colloid

Question 19

What type of bond is formed between the oxygen atom of one water molecule and the hydrogen atom of another water molecule?

Answer 19

hydrogen bond

Question 20

What type of chemical bond can form between an atom with 11 protons and an atom with 17 protons?

Answer 20

ionic

Question 21

The chloride ion (Cl-) indicated by the arrow is interacting most closely with which of the following?

Answer 21

a hydrogen atom within a water molecule

Question 22

What is the classification of a solution with a pH of 8.3?

Answer 22

alkaline solution

Question 23

The acidity of a solution reflects the concentration of free hydrogen ions in the solution.

Answer 23

T

Question 24

Starch is the stored carbohydrate in plants, while ________ is the stored carbohydrate in animals.

Answer 24

glycogen

Question 25

Sucrose is a ________.

Answer 25

disaccharide

Question 26

Glucose is an example of a monosaccharide.

Answer 26

T

Question 27

Which of the following statements is true regarding the enzyme-catalyzed reaction compared to the uncatalyzed reaction?

Answer 27

Less energy input is required to start the reaction in the presence of enzyme.

Question 28

Which of the following does NOT characterize proteins?

Answer 28

They appear to be the molecular carriers of coded hereditary information.

Question 29

The single most abundant protein in the body is ________.

Answer 29

collagen

Question 30

The major function of DNA is to store the genetic instructions that are used during protein synthesis

Answer 30

T

Question 31

Select the most correct statement regarding nucleic acids.

Answer 31

DNA is a long, double-stranded molecule made up of A, T, G, and C bases.

Question 32

In a DNA molecule, the phosphate serves ________.

Answer 32

to hold the molecular backbone together

Question 33

The mechanism depicted in B would most likely mediate the diffusion of which of the following solutes?

Answer 33

an amino acid

Question 34

A red blood cell placed in pure water would ________.

Answer 34

swell and burst

Question 35

Which vesicular transport process occurs primarily in some white blood cells and macrophages?

Answer 35

phagocytosis

Question 36

Which transport process is the main mechanism for the movement of most macromolecules by body cells?

Answer 36

receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 37

What cellular process occurs on the infolded membranes shown at B?

Answer 37

cellular respiration

Question 38

What is the function of the organelle indicated by B?

Answer 38

modification and packaging of proteins

Question 39

Myocardium (cardiac muscle tissue) must rhythmically contract for a lifetime. This requires a considerable amount of energy production by the cells. You would expect to see a relatively high amount of which organelle in these cells?

Answer 39

mitochondria

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 40

protein synthesis in conjunction with ribosomes

Question 41

Prophase has a series of checkpoints that determine whether a cell will undergo all stages of mitosis.

Answer 41

F

Question 42

What process allows for the production of molecule B from a template consisting of molecule A?

Answer 42

transcription

Question 43

DNA transcription is another word for DNA replication.

Answer 43

F