Practicas Medicas Final Flashcards

1
Q

Orden del examen fisico de abdomen:

A

Inspección
Auscultación
Percusión
Palpación

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2
Q

Que es la percusión?

A

Sonido generado al golpear determinadas zonas de la superficie corporal. El sonido dependerá de la constitución corporal y del contenido aéreo.

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3
Q

Que es matidez?

A

Cuando se percute sobre un pulmón sin aire
Atelectasia, derrame pleural

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3
Q

Que es sonoridad?

A

Se obtiene percutiendo el pulmón aireado
Sonido de intensidad fuerte, tono bajo y duracion prolongada

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4
Q

Que es el timpanismo?

A

Se percibe en órganos de contenido solo aereo
Sonido con intensidad superior a los anteriores, duracion maxima, tono entre mate y sonoro

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5
Q

Que es submatidez?

A

Variacion del sonido mate con mayor sonoridad y tono mas grave

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6
Q

Que es la vigilia?

A

Nivel más alto, paciente está despierto.

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6
Q

Que es hipersonoridad?

A

Mas fuerte, mas grave y de mayor duracion, pero sin musicalidad como el timpanismo.
En pulmones hiperaireados o crisis de asma y en neumotorax

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6
Q

A que se refiere la Conciencia cuantitativo o nivel de conciencia?

A

Requiere el funcionamiento normal del tronco encefálico y a sustancia reticular.
Despierto!!

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7
Q

Que es la impresión general?

A

Estado de Conciencia
Actitud o Postura
El decúbito
Hábito
Fascias
Estado Nutricional
Estado de Hidratación

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8
Q

A que se refiere cualitativo o contenido de la conciencia?

A

Condicionado por las estructuras anteriores y requiere la integridad de los hemisferios cerebrales.
ALERTA!!

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9
Q

Que es la somnolencia?

A

El paciente parece estar en un sueño ligero. La persistencia del nivel de alerta se conserva solo por períodos cortos de tiempo.

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10
Q

Que es un coma?

A

Corresponde a un estado en el cual el paciente no puede ser despertado.

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10
Q

Que es estupor?

A

Paciente responde únicamente ante un estímulo molesto. El lenguaje es pobre y monosilábico (si, no) o a manera de gruñidos. La respuesta es lenta e incompleta.

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11
Q

Caracteristicas de los picnicos:

A

Poca estatura, corpulentos cuello corto, tórax ancho,
Ángulo costal epigástrico muy abierto

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12
Q

Caracteristicas de los asténicos

A

Más altos, delgados, de cuello y tórax, alargados, ángulo costal epigástrico cerrado y agudo, musculatura pobre y extremidades largas

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13
Q

Caracteristicas de los normolineos, normosplacnicos

A

fuerte y atletico

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14
Q

Que se evalúa en la cabeza

A

Postura:
Anteflexion
Retroflexion
Lateralidad

Tamaño:
Normocefalia
Microcefalia
Macrocefalia

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14
Q

Orden del examen de cabeza y cuello

A

Cabeza
Ojos
Oidos
Nariz y Senos paranasales
Boca y Faringe
Cuello

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15
Q

Como se explora el cuello?

A

Inspeccion
Palpacion
Auscultacion

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16
Q

Cuales son los dos componentes discernibles que se podrán escuchar?

A

El primero por el cierre de la válvula aórtica del lado izquierdo
El segundo por el cierre de la válvula pulmonar del lado derecho

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