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Pharma 1 > Practicals > Flashcards

Practicals Flashcards

1
Q

Information needed in the records of treatments:

A

•date
•precise identity of the medicinal product including batch No.)
•dosage administered , duration of treatment
•name and address of farmer
-name and address of veterinarian
-withdrawal period

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2
Q

Schedule 1

A

Examples: cannabis, the amphetamines, hallucinogenic drugs e.g. LSD

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3
Q

Schedule 2

A

Examples: morphine, etorphine, fentanyl, pethidine, methadone,
ketamine

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4
Q

Schedule 3

A

Examples: buprenorphine, pentobarbital, phenobarbital

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5
Q

Schedule 4

A

Examples: benzodiazepines e.g. diazepam

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6
Q

Schedule 5

A

Certain preparations of morphine, cocaine and codeine that contain less than a specified amount of the drug

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7
Q

WRITTEN REQUISITION

- required for

A
  • S2 and S3 CDs
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8
Q

CONTROLLED DRUGS

SAFE CUSTODY

A

Schedule 2 +

buprenorphine

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9
Q

ln medicines sold or supplied by a veterinarian are by definition ‘dispensed medicines
The label must include

A
  • name and address of the owner & the veterinarian
  • date of dispensing
  • ‘For external use only’ if only for topical use
  • the relevant withdrawal period
  • if the product contains e.g. hexachlorophene, aspirin
    •The drugs containing aspirin or similar drugs must be labelled with the words ‘unsuitable for cats’,
    and ‘it contains aspirin’ within a ruled rectangle
    •If drug includes hexachlorophene for oral administration: sheep, protective clothing , cattle: ‘product is not for use in lactating cattle’
  • ‘For animal treatment only’, unless the container or package is too small
  • ‘Keep out of the reach of children

It is a good practice to include the drug name, concentration and the amount dispensed and information about the application.
- The use of mechanically printed letters is recommended.

  • Both the container and the outer packaging should be labelled.
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10
Q

How long is MFS prescription valid for?

A

MFS is valid for a period of 3 month or such shorter period as may be specified in the prescription

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11
Q

GRANULES

Composition

A

-Active substance

-Diluent filler
•saccharose Saccharum
•lactose Lactosum

-Binder
•Purified water
•Ethanol
•Methylcellulose

-Coating
•if needed

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12
Q

PREMIX

Composition

A

-Active substance
•medicated premix : drugs (AB, antiparasitic agents etc.)
•Feed supplements : microelements , vitamins , prebiotics , probiotics etc.
- Diluent filler
•Feed based
nutritional value , eg . cereal flour , wheat bran
Indifferent : silicates

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13
Q

Solutions

  • solvent
  • solute
  • ppt?
A
  • Homogeneous disperse
  • Solvent: Liquid
  • Solute: Solid, Liquid, Gas
  • Precipitate No, clear
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14
Q

Emusion:

A
  • Heterogeneous disperse (o/w, w/o)
  • Solvent: liquid
  • Solute Liquid
    Precipitate yes, liquid
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15
Q

Suspension

  • solvent
  • solute
  • ppt?
A
  • Heterogeneous disperse
  • Solvent: liquid
  • solute: solid
  • precipitate: yes, solid
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16
Q

Injections can be:

A
  • Solution Solutio
  • Emulsion Emulsio
  • Suspension Suspensio
  • Microemulsion
  • Microsuspension
17
Q

Infusions can be:

A
  • Solution

* Microemulsion

18
Q

Injection, Infusion requirements

A
  • Sterile
  • Pyrogen free
  • Isotonic
  • Isohydric (pH between 5 and 7)
  • Homogeneous , particle free solution
19
Q

INCOHERENT FORMULATIONS:

  1. Heterogeneous drug formulations: (>500)
  2. Colloidal drug formulations: (1 500 nm)
  3. Homogeneous (<1)
A
  1. powders, emulsion, suspension, granules
  2. colloidal solution , some stock solutions
  3. solutions tinctures
20
Q

COHERENT FORMULATIONS

  1. Heterogeneous
  2. Colloidal
A
  1. ointment, pastes , creams , tablets, suppositories

2. gels

21
Q
  1. OINTMENT=

2. Cream=

A
  1. An ointment consists of a single phase base in which
    solids or liquids may be dispersed
  2. multiphase preparations consisting of a lipophilic phase
    and an aqueous phase
22
Q

Epilepsy control/anticonvulsant drugs:

A 
First line:
Phenobarbital
Primidone
Potassium bromide 
Imepitoin

Second line:
Levetiracetam
Zonisamide

23
Q

Not recommended agents in epilepsy:

A
  • Primidone
  • Carbamazepine bad PK)
  • Lamotrigine myocardial damages
  • Vigabatrin
  • Tiagabine
  • Oxcarbazepine
  • Phenytoin
24
Q

Allergic conjunctivitis drugs for treatment:

-groups and examples

A

Mast cell stabilizers
Sodium chromoglycate , lodoxamide, nedocromil

Vasoconstriction
Tetryzoline HCl

Antihistamines (with mast cell stabilization)
Azelastine, olopatadine , epinastine , emedastine, antazoline

25
Q

keratoconjunctivitis sicca drugs:

A

Immunosuppression

• cyclosporin , tacrolimus , pimecrolimus

26
Q

Glaucoma treatment

Aim: IOP decrease

A 
Increasing outflow of aqueous humor:
- Parasympathomymetics
pilocarpine
- Sympatholytics
timolol , betaxolol
- Prostaglandin analogues
latanoprost , travoprost
Decreasing production of aqueous humor:
- Sympatholythics
timolol , betaxolol
- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
dorzolamide , brinzolamide

+ mannitol (iv) in acute cases

27
Q

Local anaesthetics used in eye:

•Aim:

A

Aim: foreign body, small surgical procedure

• Procaine < Oxibuprocaine

28
Q

Fundus examination drugs:

A

Parasympatholytics

•Atropine(days) < Tropicamide(4-5h), Homatropine(0,5-1h)

Pharma 1 (15 decks)

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