Practical Science Key Terms Flashcards

1
Q

When is a measurement valid?

A

when it measures what it is supposed to be measuring

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2
Q

When is a result accurate?

A

when it is close to the true value

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3
Q

What are precise results?

A

when repeat measurements are consistent/agree closely with each
other

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4
Q

What is repeatability?

A

how precise repeated measurements are when they are taken by
the same person, using the same equipment, under the same
condition

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5
Q

What is reproducibility?

A

how precise repeated measurements are when they are taken by
different people, using different equipmen

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6
Q

What is the uncertainty of a measurement?

A

the interval within which the true value is expected to li

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7
Q

Define measurement error

A

the difference between a measured value and the true value

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8
Q

What type of error is caused by results varying
around the true value in an unpredictable way?

A

random error

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9
Q

What is a systematic error?

A

a consistent difference between the measured values and true
values

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10
Q

What does zero error mean?

A

a measuring instrument gives a false reading when the true value
should be zero

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11
Q

Which variable is changed or selected by the
investigator?

A

independent variable

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12
Q

What is a dependent variable?

A

a variable that is measured every time the independent variable is
changed

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13
Q

Define a fair test

A

a test in which only the independent variable is allowed to affect the
dependent variable

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14
Q

What are control variables?

A

variables that should be kept constant to avoid them affecting the
dependent variable

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