Practical Science Key Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

When is a measurement valid?

A

When it measures what it is supposed to be measuring

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2
Q

When is the result accurate?

A

When it is close to the true value

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3
Q

What are precise results?

A

When repeat measurements are consistent/agree closely with each other

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4
Q

What is repeatability?

A

How precise repeated measurements are when they are taken by the same person, using the same equipment, under the same conditions

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5
Q

What is reproducibility?

A

How precise repeated measurements are when they are taken by different people, using different equipment

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6
Q

What is the uncertainty of a measurement?

A

The interval within which the true value is expected to lie

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7
Q

Define measurement error

A

The difference between measured value and the true value

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8
Q

What type of error is caused by results varying around the true value in an unpredictable way?

A

Random error

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9
Q

What is a systematic error?

A

A consistent difference between a measured values and true values

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10
Q

What does zero error mean?

A

A measuring instrument gives a false reading when the true value should be zero

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11
Q

Which variable is changed or selected by the investigator?

A

Independent variable

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12
Q

What is a dependent variable?

A

A variable that is measured every time the independent variable is changed

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13
Q

Define a fair test

A

A test in which only the independent variable is allowed to affect the dependent variable

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14
Q

What are control variables?

A

Variables that should be kept constant to avoid them affecting dependent variable

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