19 - 20 Thermal Physics + Gases Definitions Flashcards
internal energy
the sum of the random distribution of kinetic and potential energies of molecules in a body
specific heat capacity
the energy required to increase the temperature of one kg of a substance by one Kelvin, without change in state
latent heat of fusion
the energy required to change the phase of a substance from solid to liquid with no change in temperature
specific latent heat of fusion
the energy required to change the phase of one kg of a substance from solid to liquid with no change in temperature
specific latent heat of vaporisation
the energy required to change the phase of one kg of a substance from liquid to gas with no change in temperature
melting point
the temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid
boiling point
the temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas
sublimation
the process by which a solid vaporises directly into a gas when heated
Boyle’s law
at a constant temperature, the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional
Charles’ law
at a constant pressure, the volume and temperature of a gas are directly proportional
Pressure law
at a constant volume, the pressure and temperature of a gas are inversely proportional