18 Simple harmonic motion

Question 1

what is the formula for phase difference of two object oscillating at the same frequency?

Answer 1

phase difference = 2𝜋Δt/T

Question 2

what is the characteristic of the motion of an object in SHM?

Answer 2

the graphs of v-t and s-t are sinusoidal (sin of cos graphs)

Question 3

what are the two requirements for an object to be in SHM?

Answer 3

• acceleration is proportional to displacement
• acceleration is always in the opposite direction to displacement
  (a ∝ -x)

Question 4

what are free vibrations?

Answer 4

vibrations/oscillations where there is no damping and no periodic force acting on the system, so the amplitude of the oscillations is constant

Question 5

what are forced vibrations?

Answer 5

vibrations/oscillations of a system subjected to an external periodic force

Question 6

what are damped oscillations?

Answer 6

oscillations that reduce in amplitude due to the presence of resistive forces

Question 7

what are the types of damping?

Answer 7

• light damping
• heavy damping
• critical damping

Question 8

what is resonance?

Answer 8

the amplitude of a vibration of an oscillating system subjected to a periodic force is largest when the periodic force has the same frequency as the resonant frequency of the system.
at resonance, the system vibrates such that its velocity is in phase with the periodic force.