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Applied Anatomy > Practical Exam- Muscles > Flashcards

Practical Exam- Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Biceps Brachii

A

O=
Short head - Coracoid Process of the Scapula
Long head - Supraglenoid Tubercle of the scapula

I= Radial Tuberosity of the Radius

Agonist exercise= Biceps Curl

Joint Action = Flexion & Extension

Contraction = Concentric & Eccentric

Plane = Sagital Plane Axis= Frontal

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2
Q

Brachialis

A

O= Humerus - Anterior surface of distal humerus

I= Ulna - Coranoid process and tuberosity

Agonist exercise = Dumbbell hammer curls

Joint Action = Flexion & Extension

Contraction = Con / Ecc

Plane = Sagital Plane Axis= frontal

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3
Q

Brachioradialis

A

O= Lateral supracondyle ridge of the Humerus

I= Lateral surface of distal end of Radius

Agonist exercise = Dumbbell hammer curls

Joint Action = Flexion & Extension

Contraction = Con / Ecc

Plane = Sagital Plane Axis= frontal

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4
Q

Triceps brachii

A

O=
Medial Head - Humerus - Bottom 1/3 posterior shaft
Lateral Head - Humerus - Top 1/3, above radial groove
Long Head - Scapula - Infraglenoid Tubercle

I= Ulna - Olecreon of the Ulna

Agonist exercise = Tricep Pull down

Joint Action = Elbow extension

Contraction = Concentric & Eccentric

Plane = Sagital Plane Axis= Frontal

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5
Q

Pronator teres

A

O= Humerus - Medial epicondyle & Ulna - Coronoid process

I= Radius - Middle of lateral surface

Agonist exercise = Resistance band - Pronation

Joint Action = Elbow pronation

Contraction = Con/Ecc

Plane = Transverse Axis= Vertical

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6
Q

Supinator

A

O= Humerus - Lateral epicondyle

I= Radius - Proximal 1/3 - anterior, posterior and lateral surface

Agonist exercise = Resistance band - supination

Joint Action = Elbow supination

Contraction = Con/Ecc

Plane = Transverse Axis= Vertical

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7
Q

Pectoralis major

A

Clavicular Head
O= Medial half of clavicle
Sternal Head
O= Sternum and costal cartilage (1-6)

I= Greater tubercle crest of Humerus

Agonist exercise = Bench Press

Joint Action = Horizontal shoulder adduction

Contraction = Concentric & Eccentric

Plane = Transverse Plane Axis= Vertical

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8
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A 
O= 
R - Ribs - Lower 3 or 4
S - Sacrum
I - Iliac Crest - posterior part
T - Thoracolumbar Fascia
S - Spine - Thoracic 7-12 & Lumbar 1-5

I= Humerus - Floor of intertubercular groove

Agonist exercise = Seated Row

Joint Action = Shoulder - Extension/Flexion

Contraction = Con / Ecc

Plane = Sagital Axis= Frontal

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9
Q

Deltoid

A

O=
Anterior - O= Lateral 1/3 of clavicle
Middle - O= Scapula - Acromion - lateral margin, superior surface
Posterior - O= Spine of the scapula - Inferior lip of posterior border

I= Humerus - Deltoid tuberosity

Agonist exercise = Lateral Raise - dumbells

Joint Action = Shoulder Abduction

Contraction = Con/Ecc

Plane = Frontal Axis= Sagital

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10
Q

Supraspinatus

A

O= Scapula - Supraspinatus Fossa

I = Humerus - Greater Tuberosity

Agonist exercise = Lateral Raise

Joint Action = Shoulder abduction

Contraction = Con/Ecc

Plane = Frontal Axis= Sagital

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11
Q

Infraspinatus

A

O= Scapula - Infraspinatus Fossa

I= Humerus - Greater Tuberosity

Agonist exercise = External rotation with resistance band

Joint Action = Shoulder external rotation

Contraction = Con /Ecc

Plane = Transverse Axis= Vertical

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12
Q

Serratus anterior

A

O= Ribs 1-8 OR 1-9 - Outer surface and superior border

I = Scapula - Costal (Anterior) surface of medial border

Agonist exercise = Push up plus

Joint Action = Scapula protraction

Contraction = Protraction/retraction

Plane = Transverse Axis= Vertical

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13
Q

Upper Trapezius

A

O= Occipital Bone
Nuchal Ligament
Cervical Vertebrae C7 - Spinous Process

I= Clavicle - Lateral 1/3

Agonist exercise = Weighted shoulder shrugs

Joint Action = Scapula elevation

Contraction = Con/Ecc

Plane = Frontal Axis= Sagital

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14
Q

Middle Trapezius

A

O= Thoracic Vertebrae T1-4 - Spinous Processes

I= Scapula - Spine lateral 1/3 and Acromion Process

Agonist exercise = Seated Row

Joint Action = Scapula - Retraction/Protraction

Contraction = Con / Ecc

Plane = Transverse Axis= Vertical

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15
Q

Lower Trapezius

A

O= Thoracic Vertebrae T5-12 - Spinous Process

I= Scapula - Spine - medial third

Agonist exercise = Seated Row

Joint Action = Scapula - Retraction/Protraction

Contraction = Con / Ecc

Plane = Transverse Axis= Vertical

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16
Q

Rhomboids

A

O= Thoracic Vertebrae 2-5 - Spinous Processes

I= Scapula - Medial Border

Agonist or synergist exercise = Seated Row

Joint Action = Scapula - Retraction/Protraction

Contraction = Con / Ecc

Plane = Transverse Axis= Vertical

17
Q

Rectus abdominis

A

O = Pelvis - Pubic symphysis and Pubic Ramus

I = Sternum - Xiphoid process
Ribs - Costal cartilage 5-7

Agonist or synergist exercise = Sit up /Crunch

Joint Action = Trunk - Flexion/Extension

Contraction = Con/Ecc

Plane = Sagital Axis= Frontal

18
Q

External oblique

A

O= Ribs 5-8 - External surface

I= Linea albia
Pubic crest and pubic tubercle
Pelvis - superior iliac spine
Pelvis - lateral aspect Iliac Crest

Agonist or synergist exercise = Sit up /Crunch

Joint Action = Trunk - Flexion/Extension

Contraction = Con/Ecc

Plane = Sagital Axis= Frontal

19
Q

Internal oblique

A

O= Spine - Thoracolumbar fascia
Pelvis - Iliac crest
Pelvis - Inguinal ligament

I= Pelvis - pubic crest
Linea albia
Ribs - lower 3-4

Agonist or synergist exercise = Sit up /Crunch

Joint Action = Trunk - Flexion/Extension

Contraction = Con/Ecc

Plane = Sagital Axis= Frontal

20
Q

Erector spinae

A

O= Sacrum
Spine - L1-5 & T11-12 Spinous process

I= Ribs - lower 6-7 & upper 6-7 inferior border
Spine - C4-C7 Transverse process

Agonist exercise = Prone back extensions

Joint Action = Truck - extension/flexion

Contraction = Con/Ecc

Plane = Sagital Axis= Frontal

21
Q

Quadratus lumborum

A

O= Posterior border of iliac crest

I= Inferior border of rib 12, transverse processes of vertebrae L1-L4

Agonist or synergist exercise = Prone back extensions

Joint Action = Truck - extension/flexion

Contraction = Con/Ecc

Plane = Sagital Axis= Frontal

22
Q

Iliopsoas

A

Iliacus:
O = Pelvis - iliac fossa
I= Femur - Lesser trochanter

Psoas Major:
O= Spine - T12 + L1-L5 - Lateral aspect
I= Femur Lesser trochanter

Agonist or synergist exercise = Lying leg raise

Joint Action = Hip - Flexion / Extension

Contraction = Con/Ecc

Plane = Sagital Axis= Frontal

23
Q

Tensor fasciae latae

A

O= Pelvis - Iliac crest (Anterior), ASIS
Fascia Lata

I= Tibia - Lateral condyle

Agonist or synergist exercise = Lying leg raise

Joint Action = Hip - Flexion / Extension

Contraction = Con/Ecc

Plane = Sagital Axis= Frontal

24
Q

Rectus femoris

A

O= Pelvis - AIIS

I= Patella - proximal surface, Patella ligament & tibia - tibia tuberosity

Agonist or synergist exercise = Lying leg raise

Joint Action = Hip - Flexion / Extension

Contraction = Con/Ecc

Plane = Sagital Axis= Frontal

25
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

O= Pelvis - iliac crest & Sacrum - posterior part

I= Femur - Gluteal tuberosity & IT band

Agonist exercise = Squat

Joint Action = Hip - Flexion/extension

Contraction = Ecc/Con

Plane = Sagital Axis= Frontal

26
Q

Biceps femoris

A

Short head
O= Femur - linea aspera
I= Fibula, proximal head

Long head
O= Pelvis - ischial tuberosity
I= Fibula - head

Agonist or synergist exercise = Standing hamstring curl

Joint Action = Knee - Flexion/Extension

Contraction = Con/Ecc

Plane = Sagital Axis= frontal

27
Q

Semimembranosus and semitendinosus

A 
O= Pelvis - Ischial Tuberosity
I= Tibia - medial condyle

Agonist or synergist exercise = Standing hamstring curl

Joint Action = Knee - Flexion/Extension

Contraction = Con/Ecc

Plane = Sagital Axis= frontal

28
Q

Adductor longus

A

O= Pubis - Anterior surface

I= Femur - Linea aspera - Middle 1/3, medial lip

Agonist exercise = Hip Adductor machine

Joint Action = Hip adduction

Contraction = Con / Ecc

Plane = Frontal Plane Axis= Sagital

29
Q

Adductor magnus

A

O= Pubis - Inferior ramus of pubis & Pelvis - Ischial tuberosity

I= Femur - Distal aspect of linea aspera and adductor tubercle

Agonist exercise = Hip Adductor machine

Joint Action = Hip adduction

Contraction = Con / Ecc

Plane = Frontal Plane Axis= Sagital

30
Q

Gluteus medius

A

O= Pelvis - iliac crest

I= Femur - Greater trochanter

Agonist exercise = Lying leg raise

Joint Action = Hip Abduction

Contraction = Con/Ecc

Plane = Frontal Axis= Sagital

31
Q

Quadriceps (vastii group)

A

Vastus Lateralis-
O= Femur - Greater Trochanter and Lateral lip of linea aspera
I= Patella - Lateral superior part, patella ligament and Tibia tuberosity

Vastus Medialis -
O= Femur - Intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera
I= Patella - medially, patella ligament, tibia tuberosity

Vastus intermedius-
O= Femur - anterior & lateral surface of the body
I= Patella - superior surface, patella ligament, tibia tuberosity

Agonist exercise = Seated knee extension

Joint Action = Knee extension/flexion

Contraction = Con/Ecc

Plane = Sagital Axis= Frontal

32
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

O= Femur - Medial & Lateral epicondyle

I= Achilles tendon into posterior surface of calcaneus

Agonist exercise = Calf raises

Joint Action = Ankle planter flexion

Contraction = Con/Ecc

Plane = Sagital Axis= Frontal

33
Q

Soleus

A

O= Tibia - Soleal line & Fibula - Proximal 1/3 Posterior

I= Forms Achilles tendon and inserts into Calcaneus - posterior surface

Agonist exercise = Calf raises

Joint Action = Ankle - planter flexion/ Dorsiflexion

Contraction = Con/Ecc

Plane = Sagital Axis= Frontal

34
Q

Peroneus Longus

A

O= Fibula - Head and upper 1/2 lateral shaft

I= Medial Cuneiform and 1st Metatarsal - lateral side

Agonist exercise = lying resistance band

Joint Action = Ankle eversion

Contraction = con/ecc

Plane = Frontal Axis= sagital

35
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

O= Tibia - Lateral condyle and lateral surface of proximal 1/2 & interosseous membrane

I= Medial coneiform and base of 1st metatarsal bone

Agonist exercise = Dorsiflexion wit resistance band around foot

Joint Action = Ankle dorsiflexion

Contraction = Con/Ecc

Plane = Sagital Axis= Frontal

Applied Anatomy (10 decks)

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