Practical Application of Asepsis Flashcards
Area where the incision is made
Surgical Site
Surgical site and sterile drapes surrounding it on the table
Sterile Surgical Field
Surface covered with a drape and intended to be used as a work area to hold instruments and supplies
Sterile Field
Sterile field, sterile surgical field, area of scrubbed personnel and the air space above all of these
Sterile Zone
A separate area for storage of sterilized items should be 5 things
- Dust Free
- Ventilated
- Germ free
- Insect free
- No temp/humidty extremes
If an item is stored in a closed cabinet in single wrapped muslin, it is good for
1 week
If an item is stored in a closed cabinet in double wrapped muslin, it is good for
7 weeks
If an item is stored in a closed cabinet in single wrapped crepe, it is good for
8 weeks
If an item is stored on open shelving in single wrapped muslin, it is good for
2 days
If an item is stored on open shelving in double wrapped muslin, it is good for
3 weeks
If an item is stored on open shelving in single wrapped crepe, it is good for
3 weeks
Heat sealed and plastic pouches stored on open shelves are good for
2 weeks
Heat sealed and plastic pouches stored in a closed cabinet are good for
1 year
If a sterilized pack becomes wet, tape is broken or loosened, date is illegible or missing, pack is punctured or torn, pack has been dropped on the floor then it is conisdered
contaminated
A pack label should contain 3 things
- Date of autoclaving
- Contents
- Name or initials of preparer
If an extreme emergency exists, you can _______ an instrument and use it
disinfect
How long should instruments sit in a cold soak sol’n?
Min. 15 mins
Ideally 3 hrs
How long should instruments sit in 70% alcohol
1 hr
How long should instruments sit in Betadine/Nolvasan?
3 hrs
How long should items be boiled?
3 hrs
Steam/gas may penetrate but no microbes
Selective permeability
Shouldn’t rip or tear easily
Resistant to damage
Should conform to shape of pack and stretch a little to resist tears
Flexibilty
Should easily return to a flat position after pack is open
Memory
Most economic is bulk roll or box
Cost
These can be used several 100 times but initial cost is expensive
Cotton Wraps
Type of wrap material that must be double wrapped and is more resistant to tears
Most already come double wrapped
Cotton Textile
Type of wrap material that is fairly resistant to damage
Paper
Type of paper that is cloth-like and reusable if not soiled or torn
Crepe
Type of paper that tears easily and is intended for 1x use
Non-crepe
When should instruments be soaked after Sx?
Immediately
Prolonged exposure to blood or saline causes what on the surface of metal?
Pitting
Instruments should be soaked and washed in what position
open
When rinsing or spraying instrument milk, how long should it soak?
45 sec
Works by using high-frequency sound waves and cleans areas a brush can not reach
Removes all previous lubricants
Ultrasonic cleaner
You should use and ultrasonic cleaner when?
after manual cleaning
Helps prevent rust and electrolysis from forming on points and edges of instruments
Should be used on all hinged, box lock, or ratchet instruments
Intrument lube aka milk
This type of material can be spot cleaned if necessary and not torn
Paper
Cloth drapes, hand towels, and gowns should be machine washed _____________ from other hospital items
separately
4 drapes in each pack to border the incision site
4 corner drapes
3 drapes in each pack to border the incision site
3 corner drapes
Large enough to cover tray on stand, 2 in each pack
Some come prepackaged
Mayo Stand Drapes
Come 1 per pack, folded and wrapped so it’s compact so it fits in autoclave
Gown
1 per pack, folded accordion style
Hand towels
These should be cleaned and thoroughly dried before placing in a safe seal pouch to autoclave
Hand brushes
Purpose is to create a sterile area around the surgical site
Can be made of cloth or paper
drape
Muslin square drape with a pre-cut hole
Fenestrated
A hole can be made in 1 of the _ corner drapes
4
2 people who have direct contact with the sterile field
Surgeon and sterile scrub nurse
All hair should be
tied up and pulled up
You should remove all
jewelry
Apply ______ gear and mask
head
How long should you use a surgical scrub on hands and arms?
5 mins
After washing hands, they should be held where?
Above the waist
Who will tie your surgical gown
Circulating nurse
Gloving technique when hands are not seen outside of the gown
Closed
Gloving technique used when prepping an animal for surgery with the 1st glove touching only the inside cuff and 2nd glove only touching the outside of the cuff
Open
When a non-sterile personnel is opening packs, they should open them how far away from their body?
Arm’s length
Before prep begins, you should always verify 4 things
- Pt ID
- Sex
- Procedure to be performed
- Confirm fasting
You should obtain all necessary ____ results
test
Begins after the pt has been anesthetized, stabilized, and hooked up to IV fluids
Pt prep
Apply this to both eyes
lube
How should you clip hair?
With grain then against
When should you express the bladder?
Spays
This nurse clips the hair, applies eye lube, expresses the bladder, vacuum hair, performs preliminary scrub in outer prep area, transfers pt to the OR, positions and ties pt to the table
Dirty prep nurse
Antiseptic scrub should be used on the pt for how long and in what motion?
5 mins
Circling from inside out
You should perform a minimum of how many scrubs?
3
Final paint after scrub, going in the same motion
70% alcohol
When positioning a pt, care must be taken to maintain ________ and maintain ____________ flow
airway, IV fluid
Most routine position
Spay, neuter, exploratory, and cervical disc Sx
Dorsal
AKA “frog” position
Can secure with sand bags or ties with legs over end of table
Used for lumbar disc, anal sacculetomy, and some cranial and ear Sxs
Sternal
This position may need additional positioning aids such as towels, foam wedges, and sand bags
Used for kidney, lung, pelvis, extremities, and dentals
Lateral
Used for orthopedic and amputation Sx
Affected limb is suspended overhead and allows for aseptic prep of entire limb
Hanging
Prep/non-sterile assistant
Circulating nurse
Surgical assistant
Scrub nurse
Route in which a microorganism can infect and happens outside of the pt in the air, Sx instruments, pts skin, and surgical team
Exogenous
Route in which a microorganism is obtained within the pt and reaches the wound via the blood stream
Endogenous
