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Surgical Nursing I > Intro to Surg Nursing > Flashcards

Intro to Surg Nursing Flashcards

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1
Q

The primary goal of the surgeon

A

is the correction of dz

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2
Q

The primary goal of the technician

A

is the patient’s life

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3
Q

One celled organisms that is not a surgical concern and can cause post op problems

Ex: Coccidosis, Toxoplasmosis

A

Protozoa

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4
Q

Plants that exist as parasites due to their inability to synthesize their own food and can cause skin dz

A

Fungi

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5
Q

Improper cleaning of _________ or ________ can cause contamination of internal organs

A

ET tubes; insturments

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6
Q

This microbe is a MAJOR concern when cleaning and sterilizing
Many are opportunistic

A

Bacteria

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7
Q

The prevention of hospital-acquired infections is the desired result of

A

aseptic technique

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8
Q

Forms as a result of lack of circulation to a tissue

A

Decubital ulcer aka bed sore

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9
Q

You can eliminate or control the source of dz with 3 things

A
  1. Isolation
  2. Quarantine
  3. Euthanasia
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10
Q

You can increase the host’s ability to resist dz with 3 things

A
  1. Adequate diet
  2. Therapeutic agents
  3. General hygiene
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11
Q

You can prevent transmission of microbes by doing 3 things

A
  1. Washing hands
  2. Adequate ventilation
  3. Physical and chemical control
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12
Q

3 types of physical sterilization

A
  1. Filtration
  2. Radiation
  3. Heat
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13
Q

This is commonly used in pharmaceuticals by using a filter to separate particulate matter from liquids or gases

A

Filtration

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14
Q

This is primarily used during production and packaging of certain surgical products such as some gloves and suture materials

A

Radiation

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15
Q

3 types of radiation

A
  1. Ultraviolet
  2. Gamma
  3. Beta
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16
Q

This type of radiation is used for surfaces and disinfecting air
Also causes a drying effect and causes mutation of nucleic acid of microorganisms
Can damage cornea and cause skin cancer

A

Ultraviolet

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17
Q

This type of radiation is rapid and continuous and used with vaccines, biologicals, and gloves

A

Gamma

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18
Q

This type of radiation is used in prepackaged suture material, gloves, and rubber tubing

A

Beta

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19
Q

2 types of heat used in sterilization

A

Dry and moist

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20
Q

This type of heat is accomplished by boiling/steam under pressure
Kills microbes by coagulating critical cellular proteins

A

Moist

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21
Q

This type of heat is more difficult to control
Kills microbes by protein oxidation and the sterilization time is longer
Used with oils, powders, and petroleum products

A

Dry

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22
Q

This method of moist heat only sanitizes, doesn’t sterilize
Increase sanitization with detergent

Ex: automatic dishwashers, clothes washers

A

Hot Water

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23
Q

For hot water to be effective, what temp should it be at?

A

60 C, 140 F

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24
Q

This type of moist heat disinfects, not an effective method of sterilization because it requires 3 hrs

A

Boiling water

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25
Q

Boiling for how long will destroy vegetative bacteria

A

10 min

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26
Q

Max temp for boiling

A

100 C, 212 F

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27
Q

This type of moist heat has large scale use such as cleaning stainless steel cages because it effectively disinfects

A

Free Flowing Steam

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28
Q

This type of moist heat is used with autoclaves and pressure cookers

A

Steam Under Pressure

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29
Q

When this tool is used properly, kills ALL forms of microbial life including spores and cysts

A

Autoclaves

30
Q

Pressure in the steam jacket in the autoclave jacket rises to

A

15 psi

31
Q

Temperature should be set for this on an autoclave

A

250-270 F

32
Q

What is the ideal time to autoclave instruments? The minimum?

A

30 mins ideally

15 minimum

33
Q

The door of the autoclave should be open at

A

212 F, 0 psi

34
Q

You should allow items from the autoclave to dry for

A

1 hr

35
Q

What type of water should be used in an autoclave?

A

Distilled/deionized

36
Q

Flash sterilization can be done in

A

3-4 min

37
Q

PSI for flash sterilization

A

32

38
Q

This type of dry heat gives complete destruction of materials and only used on non-reusable items or those of no value
Material must be completely reduced to ashes

A

Incineration

39
Q

These are a dry heat method used for sterilization

It is economical and will not dull sharp objects, but it takes longer and you can’t use paper or cloth

A

Hot Air Ovens

40
Q

A chemical classification used for soaking instruments for sterilization in a cold tray
STERILITY IS NOT GUARANTEED

A

Liquid

41
Q

Liquid sterilization is used for what type of procedures?

A

“dirty” or minor (feline neuters, lacerations)

42
Q

When soaking instruments in a cold tray, they should sit for a minimum of?
Ideally?

A

15 mins minimum

3 hrs ideally

43
Q

How often should solution in a cold tray be changed?

A

q 2 weeks, or more often if it gets dirty

44
Q

2 most common liquids used in cold trays

A
  1. Gluteraldehyde

2. Chlorhexadine

45
Q

This type of chemical classification is used on items that can’t tolerate high temps or steam

Ex: Ethylene Oxide and Hydrogen Peroxide Gas Plasma

A

Gases

46
Q

This gas is used primarily in industries, institutions, and military
Inactivates DNA and prevents cellular repro
Uses lower heat and provides excellent

A

Ethylene Oxide

47
Q

Disadvantages of the use of this gas are: slow, explosive, flammable, and poisonous

A

EO

48
Q

This is used more commonly to replace EO and it’s safer for personnel and environment
Can’t penetrate walls of hollow instruments

A

Hydrogen Peroxide Gas Plasma

49
Q

How long should something sit in Hydrogen Peroxide Gas Plasma?

A

About an hr

50
Q

This is required with everything you sterilize

A

Sterilization indicators

51
Q

This type of sterilization indicator that responds to time and temperature by a color change (blue to brown)

A

Chemical

52
Q

Where should a chemical indicator be placed in a pack?

A

Middle/outer part of pack

53
Q

This type of indicator only responds when exposed to heat and does not indicate sterility

A

Autoclave tape

54
Q

This type of indicator is impregnated with Bacillus Stearothermophilus
Used as a quality control agent to test autoclaves

A

Biological indicator

55
Q

To sterilize an inanimate object, you use a

A

disinfectant

56
Q

To sterilize animate objects, you use

A

antiseptic

57
Q

This type of disinfectant has the same use as a pre-op scrub for hands especially if allergic to chlorhexadine or iodine
Contains carbolic acid-hexachlorophene

A

Phenols

58
Q

Some lysol products contain

A

phenols

59
Q

A disinfectant that should NEVER be mixed with bleach
Forms a toxic cloud if used in a large amount which can cause asthma attacks and instant death
Effective against bacteria, not spores or viruses
Ex: Roccal, Benzalkonium Chloride

A

Quaternary ammonium

60
Q

A disinfectant that is toxic and irritating, used mainly for fixing tissue for pathology tests

Ex: Formaldehyde and Gluteraldehyde

A

Aldehydes

61
Q

This type of disinfectant that evaporates readily, leaves no residue, chills pt, but should never be used on open wounds
Ineffective against sports and fungus

Ex: Ethyl and Isopropyl

A

Alcohols

62
Q

Type of alcohol used on a patient as a final paint

A

50%/70% Isopropyl/Ethyl

63
Q

Type of alcohol that should not be used on patient

Used to disinfect sutures and diluted with H2O

A

99% Isopropyl

64
Q

Disinfectant that was one of the first types used
Common surface disinfectant
Broad bactericidal and virucidal properties, but toxic at improper dilutions
Ex: Sodium Hypochlorite (BLEACH)

A

Chloride compounds

65
Q

Dilution of chloride compound that effectively kills viruses

A

1:30

66
Q

An antiseptic used only on intact skin, but not common in vet med

A

Iodines

67
Q

An antiseptic iodine that must be greatly diluted to use on living tissue, can be cytotoxic but greater bactericidal activity

A

Aqueous solutions

68
Q

An antiseptic iodine that is combined with a carrier molecule that slowly releases free iodines
Staining and irritation is lower and delivery of iodine to tissues is greater
More commonly used in vet med

Ex: Povidine

A

Idophors

69
Q

An Biguanides antiseptic found in Nolvasan that can be used on living tissue and when diluted can be used as a wound lavage

A

Chlorhexadine

70
Q

Nolvasan that is used on surfaces ONLY

A

Nolvasan-S

71
Q

What does the S stand for in Nolvasan-S

A

scented

72
Q

Nolvasan scrub used for pre op

Used on patients and surgeons hands

A

Detergent

Surgical Nursing I (5 decks)

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