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CP2.02_Histology > Practical > Flashcards

Practical Flashcards

1
Q

Muscular bronchiole key features (3):

A
  1. No cartilage
  2. Surrounded by smooth muscle
  3. Surrounded by lung tissue
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2
Q

Identify the cell marked by the curved arrow.

A

Alveolar macrophage (Dust cell)

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3
Q

Identify the cell indicated by the red arrow.

A

Type I pneumocyte

  • involved in gas exchange
  • nuclei is flattened
  • cytoplasm is very extenuated
  • cover about 95% of the alveolar surface
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4
Q

Identify the organ:

A
  • Larynx:
    • Vocal fold (VO) (true vocal cord)
    • Ventral fold (VE)
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5
Q

Structures composing the mucociliary escalator:

A
  1. ciliated cells (cilia)
  2. goblet cells (mucous)
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6
Q

Arrowhead points to:

A

blood vessel

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7
Q

Alveolar macrophage (Dust cell) locations:

A
  1. CT of alveolar septum
  2. air space of alveolus
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8
Q

Identify the structure.

A
  • Muscular bronchiole:
    • No cartilage
    • Surrounded by smooth muscle
    • Surrounded by lung tissue
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9
Q

Identify the tissue at the arrow.

A

Hyaline cartilage: keeps airway passages open

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10
Q

Identify the entire structure.
Insert shows lining of structure.

A
  • Trachea
    • C-shaped cartilage ring
    • Not surrounded by lung tissue
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11
Q

Identify the cell:

A

clara cell

  • domed shaped cell
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12
Q

Functions of Alveolar macrophage (Dust cell):

A
  1. Remove inhaled particulate matter
  2. Secrete antitrypsin inhibitor
  3. Neutrophils secrete elastase
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13
Q

Type II pneumocytes cover about __% of alveolar air surface.

A

5%

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14
Q

Where do clara cells begin to appear?

A

muscular bronchioles

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15
Q

Type II pneumocytes are progenitor cells for:

A
  • type I pneumocytes.
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16
Q

Identify the entire structure.

A
  • Bronchus (intropulmonary bronchus):
    • Pseudostratified epithelium
    • Surrounded by lung tissue
    • Cartilage plates
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17
Q

Key features of trachea (2):

A
  1. C-shaped cartilage ring
  2. Not surrounded by lung tissue
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18
Q

Identify structure marked by the blue arrow.

A
  • Alveolar pore (pores of Kohn)
  • Allows circulation of air from one alveolus to another.
19
Q

Identify the organ:

A
  • Lung:
    • alveolar openings are lined with pneumocyte I and pneumocyte II cells
20
Q

Identify the tissue at the surface.

A
  • Olfactory epithelium:
    • pseudostratified epithelium
    • NO GOBLET CELLS
21
Q

Identify the function of the cell indicated by the arrowhead.

A
  • Goblet cell
  • secretes mucous to trap foreign particles
22
Q

Identify the cell indicated by the arrow.

A

Type II pneumocyte

  • Rounded in appearance with a rounded nuclei
23
Q

Identify the structure at the arrowhead.

A
  • Pulmonary artery
  • Arteries follow the bronchi and the bronchioles into the lung.
24
Q

Pulmonary veins are located where in the lungs?

A
  • not next to bronchioles.
  • next to alveoli carrying oxygenated blood out.
25
Q

Identify the tissue at the surface.

A

respiratory epithelium

  • pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells
26
Q

Three structures of the Blood/Air barrier:

A
  • Endothelium
  • Shared basement membrane
  • Type I pneumocyte
27
Q

Key features of Olfactory epithelium (3):

A
  1. pseudostratified epithelium
  2. NO GOBLET CELLS
  3. thicker than respiratory epithelium
28
Q

The outpocketings of respiratory bronchioles consist of:

A

Type I pneumocytes where gas exchange occurs.

29
Q

Idenfity the cell:

A

type II pneumocyte

  • Rounded cuboidal cell with a rounded nuclei
  • Lamellar granules fill the cytoplasm
30
Q

Identify the structure within the oval.

A

Blood/Air barrier

  • Consist of three structures:
    • Endothelium
    • Shared basement membrane
    • Type I pneumocyte
31
Q

Identify structure at red star:

A

Bowman’s glands.

32
Q

Identify the structure:

A
  • Respiratory bronchiole:
    • The presence of outpocketings.
33
Q

Function of Type II pneumocytes:

A
  1. Secretes surfactant which reduces surface tension
  2. Can divide and are progenitor cells for type I pneumocytes.
34
Q

Key features of bronchi (3):

A
  • Pseudostratified epithelium
  • Surrounded by lung tissue
  • Cartilage plates
35
Q

Function of Bowman’s glands:

A
  • secrete a proteinaceous solution which dissolve odor molecules.
36
Q

Type I pneumocytes cover about __% of the alveolar surface:

A

95%

37
Q

Cells in olfactory epithelium (4):

A
  1. Olfactory receptor cells
  2. Sustentacular cells
  3. Basal cells
  4. DNES cells
38
Q

Key features of respiratory epithelium (2):

A
  1. ciliated cells and goblet cells
  2. Thinner than olfactory epithelium
39
Q

Do muscular bronchioles have any cartilage?

A

no

40
Q

Identify structure at star:

A

pulmonary vein

41
Q

Function of clara cells:

A
  • Secretes a surfactant‐like substance which reduces surface tension
42
Q

Identify structure at star:

A

respiratory bronchiole

  • has outpocketings
43
Q

Key features of Type II pneumocytes:

A
  1. Rounded cuboidal cell with a rounded nuclei
  2. Lamellar granules fill the cytoplasm
44
Q

Vocal fold (true vocal cord) core contains:

A
  • vocalis muscle (skeletal muscle)
  • lined with stratified squamous epithelium

CP2.02_Histology (3 decks)

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