Practical Flashcards
Muscular bronchiole key features (3):
- No cartilage
- Surrounded by smooth muscle
- Surrounded by lung tissue
Identify the cell marked by the curved arrow.
Alveolar macrophage (Dust cell)
Identify the cell indicated by the red arrow.
Type I pneumocyte
- involved in gas exchange
- nuclei is flattened
- cytoplasm is very extenuated
- cover about 95% of the alveolar surface
Identify the organ:
- Larynx:
- Vocal fold (VO) (true vocal cord)
- Ventral fold (VE)
Structures composing the mucociliary escalator:
- ciliated cells (cilia)
- goblet cells (mucous)
Arrowhead points to:
blood vessel
Alveolar macrophage (Dust cell) locations:
- CT of alveolar septum
- air space of alveolus
Identify the structure.
- Muscular bronchiole:
- No cartilage
- Surrounded by smooth muscle
- Surrounded by lung tissue
Identify the tissue at the arrow.
Hyaline cartilage: keeps airway passages open
Identify the entire structure.
Insert shows lining of structure.
- Trachea
- C-shaped cartilage ring
- Not surrounded by lung tissue
Identify the cell:
clara cell
- domed shaped cell
Functions of Alveolar macrophage (Dust cell):
- Remove inhaled particulate matter
- Secrete antitrypsin inhibitor
- Neutrophils secrete elastase
Type II pneumocytes cover about __% of alveolar air surface.
5%
Where do clara cells begin to appear?
muscular bronchioles
Type II pneumocytes are progenitor cells for:
- type I pneumocytes.
Identify the entire structure.
- Bronchus (intropulmonary bronchus):
- Pseudostratified epithelium
- Surrounded by lung tissue
- Cartilage plates
Key features of trachea (2):
- C-shaped cartilage ring
- Not surrounded by lung tissue
Identify structure marked by the blue arrow.
- Alveolar pore (pores of Kohn)
- Allows circulation of air from one alveolus to another.
Identify the organ:
- Lung:
- alveolar openings are lined with pneumocyte I and pneumocyte II cells
Identify the tissue at the surface.
- Olfactory epithelium:
- pseudostratified epithelium
- NO GOBLET CELLS
Identify the function of the cell indicated by the arrowhead.
- Goblet cell
- secretes mucous to trap foreign particles
Identify the cell indicated by the arrow.
Type II pneumocyte
- Rounded in appearance with a rounded nuclei
Identify the structure at the arrowhead.
- Pulmonary artery
- Arteries follow the bronchi and the bronchioles into the lung.
Pulmonary veins are located where in the lungs?
- not next to bronchioles.
- next to alveoli carrying oxygenated blood out.
Identify the tissue at the surface.
respiratory epithelium
- pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells
Three structures of the Blood/Air barrier:
- Endothelium
- Shared basement membrane
- Type I pneumocyte
Key features of Olfactory epithelium (3):
- pseudostratified epithelium
- NO GOBLET CELLS
- thicker than respiratory epithelium
The outpocketings of respiratory bronchioles consist of:
Type I pneumocytes where gas exchange occurs.
Idenfity the cell:
type II pneumocyte
- Rounded cuboidal cell with a rounded nuclei
- Lamellar granules fill the cytoplasm
Identify the structure within the oval.
Blood/Air barrier
- Consist of three structures:
- Endothelium
- Shared basement membrane
- Type I pneumocyte
Identify structure at red star:
Bowman’s glands.
Identify the structure:
- Respiratory bronchiole:
- The presence of outpocketings.
Function of Type II pneumocytes:
- Secretes surfactant which reduces surface tension
- Can divide and are progenitor cells for type I pneumocytes.
Key features of bronchi (3):
- Pseudostratified epithelium
- Surrounded by lung tissue
- Cartilage plates
Function of Bowman’s glands:
- secrete a proteinaceous solution which dissolve odor molecules.
Type I pneumocytes cover about __% of the alveolar surface:
95%
Cells in olfactory epithelium (4):
- Olfactory receptor cells
- Sustentacular cells
- Basal cells
- DNES cells
Key features of respiratory epithelium (2):
- ciliated cells and goblet cells
- Thinner than olfactory epithelium
Do muscular bronchioles have any cartilage?
no
Identify structure at star:
pulmonary vein
Function of clara cells:
- Secretes a surfactant‐like substance which reduces surface tension
Identify structure at star:
respiratory bronchiole
- has outpocketings
Key features of Type II pneumocytes:
- Rounded cuboidal cell with a rounded nuclei
- Lamellar granules fill the cytoplasm
Vocal fold (true vocal cord) core contains:
- vocalis muscle (skeletal muscle)
- lined with stratified squamous epithelium
