Practical

Question 1

Answer 1

Spherical (Cocci)

Question 2

Answer 2

Bocillus

Question 3

Answer 3

Spirlilla

Question 4

Answer 4

Nostoc: Photosynthetic cyanobacterium. Filamentous colonies of sperical bacteria.

Question 5

structurally the simplest organisms, and consist of single cells or chains of cells

Answer 5

Prokaryotes

Question 6

defined by being eukaryotic organisms that are unicellular or have a simple body with little or no differentiation of the cells that make it up (they do not have different tissues).

Answer 6

Protists

Question 7

What were 5 adaptations primitive plants needed to survive on land?

Answer 7

Roots, Cuticle layer (waterproofing), rigid structural support, Vascular tissue, volved sperm cells protected within p​ollen grains, seeds

Question 8

In sequence what are the four major groups that evolved in the tersterical world.

Answer 8

Bryophytes, Seedless vascular plants, gymnosperms, Angiosperms.

Question 9

Monocots

Answer 9

A subdivition of Angiosperms. They have flower parts (petals, Stamen) in multiples of three. They have leaf veins that run parallel to the long acis of the left. They do not prduce wood or bark

Question 10

Dicots

Answer 10

A subdivition of Angiosperms. They have flower parts (petals , stamen) in multiples of four or five. They have auxilary veins that go between the major veins. They are able to produce wood and bark.

Question 11

Question 12

Answer 12

Marchantia Antheridia

Question 13

Answer 13

Marchantia Archegonia

Question 14

Answer 14

Moss Antheridia

Question 15

Answer 15

Moss Archegonia

Question 16

Answer 16

1:Sporophyte 2:Gametophore of female gametophyte. 3:Gemma Cups 4:Male Gametophyte 5:Thallus.

Question 17

Answer 17

Fern Prothallia

Question 18

Answer 18

Fern Sporangia

Question 19

Sporophylls

Answer 19

modified leaves with sporangia

Question 20

Sori

Answer 20

Clusters of sporangia on the undersides of sporophylls

Question 21

Strobili

Answer 21

Cone-like structures formed from groups of sporophylls

Question 22

Enclosure in which spores are formed

Answer 22

Sporangium

Question 23

Thread like chain of cells forming haploid phase of bryophyte life cycle

Answer 23

protonema

Question 24

Structure of gametophyte phase containing male gametes

Answer 24

archegonium

Question 25

Gametophyte stage of a fern/pteridophyte

Answer 25

Prothallium

Question 26

Sporophyte

Answer 26

Diploid stage in life cycle of a plant

Question 27

What is a Fern/pteridophyte dominant stage?

Answer 27

gametophyte and sporophyte are independent

Question 28

What is a Bryophytes dominant stage?

Answer 28

Sporophyte is dependent of the gametophye.

Question 29

Conducts most of the water and minerals and includes dead cells called Tracheids

Answer 29

Xylem

Question 30

Consists of living cells and distributes sugars, amino acids, and other organic products

Answer 30

Phleom

Question 31

Water conducting cells are strengthened by

Answer 31

Lignin

Question 32

Leaves with a single vein

Answer 32

Microphylls

Question 33

Leaves with a highly branched vascular system

Answer 33

megaphylls

Question 34

Plants producing one type of spore that develops into a bisexual gametophyte

Answer 34

Homosporous

Question 35

All seed plants and some seedless plants are?

Answer 35

Heterosporous

Question 36

A heterosporous that gives rise to female gametophytes is?

Answer 36

Megaspores

Question 37

A heterosporous that gives rise to male gametophytes is?

Answer 37

Microspores

Question 38

Why have seed­producing plants been so successful?

Answer 38

The plant can remain dormant as a s​eed​until conditions favorable to growth occur; this may be the following spring, or for some desert plants, years later.

● Seed plants also broke the dependence on external water in reproduction; the sperm do not swim through external water but rather are within the p​ollen grains​that travel through the air.

● Both pollen and seeds can be d​ispersed more efficiently​than spores, and can withstand harsher conditions. The seed is a rugged package for dispersal; within the tough seed coat is a dormant plant embryo as well as stored food for the embryo to use in resuming growth and getting established.

Question 39

In seed plants th​e gametophyte is reduced to two microscopic structures:

Answer 39

A p​ollen​grain – a tiny male gametophyte containing sperm.

A small portion inside an o​vule​– a tiny female gametophyte containing an egg cell.

After pollination, an ovule develops into a s​eed.​

Question 40

What phylum?

Answer 40

Gymnosperm, Phylum Cycadophyta

Cycas revoluta​­ native to southern Japan, not closely related to true palms

Question 41

What Phylum?

Answer 41

Gymnosperm, Phylum Coniferophyta.

Southern Red Cedar J​uniperus virginiana ­ native to eastern North America, dense and slow­growing tree with needle­like juvenile leaves and scale­like adult leaves

Question 42

Answer 42

Gymnosperm, Phylum Coniferophyta.

Southern Red Cedar J​uniperus virginiana ­ native to eastern North America, dense and slow­growing tree with needle­like juvenile leaves and scale­like adult leaves.

Loblolly Pine P​inus taeda​– native to SE United States, often found in lowlands

Question 43

What major seed plant type is a “True flowering plant”?

Answer 43

Angiosperms

Question 44

What major seed plant type produce “naked seeds”? (Ovule not complete enclosed in sporophyte tissue)

Answer 44

Gymnosperms