Practical 3 Large animals Flashcards
Hematocrit (l/l) horse
0.35-0.45
Hematocrit (l/l) cattle
0.35-0.45
Hematocrit (l/l) sheep
0.35-0.45
Hematocrit (l/l) goat
0.35-0.45
Hematocrit (l/l) swine
0.35-0.45
Blood clotting (min) horse
20-25
Blood clotting (min) cattle
5-15
Blood clotting (min) swine
5-6
RBC sedimentation rate (mm/h) horse
60-90
RBC sedimentation rate (mm/h) cattle
0-2
RBC sedimentation rate (mm/h) swine
1-14
white blood cell (%) lymphocyte horse
35 (15-45)
white blood cell (%) lymphocyte cattle
60 (55-75)
white blood cell (%) lymphocyte cattle
60 (55-75)
white blood cell (%) lymphocyte sheep
60 (55-75)
white blood cell (%) lymphocyte goat
60 (55-75)
white blood cell (%) lymphocyte swine
60 (55-75)
white blood cell (%) neutrophil granulocyte horse
60 (55-75)
white blood cell (%) neutrophil granulocyte cattle
35 (15-45)
white blood cell (%) neutrophil granulocyte sheep
35 (15-45)
white blood cell (%) neutrophil granulocyte goat
35 (15-45)
white blood cell (%) neutrophil granulocyte swine
35 (15-45)
blood glucose (mmol/l) horse
5 (3 -5.5)
blood glucose (mmol/l) cattle
3 (2-4)
blood glucose (mmol/l) sheep
3(2-4)
blood glucose (mmol/l) goat
3(2-4)
blood glucose (mmol/l) swine
5 (3- 5.5)
RBC count (x10^12/l) horse
6-12
RBC count (x10^12/l) cattle
6-12
RBC count (x10^12/l) sheep
6-12
RBC count (x10^12/l) goat
6-12
RBC count (x10^12/l) swine
6-12
Reticulocytes (%) horse
0
Reticulocytes (%) cattle
0
Reticulocytes (%) sheep
0
Reticulocytes (%) goat
0
Reticulocytes (%) swine
0-5
WBC count (x10^9/l) horse
5-15
WBC count (x10^9/l) cattle
5-15
WBC count (x10^9/l) sheep
5-15
WBC count (x10^9/l) goat
5-15
WBC count (x10^9/l) swine
5-15
RBC lifespan (days) horse
120
RBC lifespan (days) cattle
120
RBC lifespan (days) goat
120
RBC lifespan (days) sheep
120
RBC lifespan (days) swine
60
Heart rate (/min) horse
30-40
Heart rate (/min) cattle
60-80
Heart rate (/min) sheep
60-80
Heart rate (/min) goat
60-80
Heart rate (/min) swine
60-80
Respiratory rate (/min) horse
10-15
Respiratory rate (/min) cattle
10-30
Respiratory rate (/min) sheep
15-30
Respiratory rate (/min) goat
15-30
Respiratory rate (/min) swine
12-20
Body temperature (°C) horse
37.5-38.0
Body temperature (°C) cattle
38.0-39.0
Body temperature (°C) sheep
38.5-39.5
Body temperature (°C) goat
38.5-39.5
Body temperature (°C) swine
38.5 - 39.5
What can be the possible directions for cardiac axis?
(-30° to +110°)
Btw which limbs is the potential diff measured with standard limb leads I/II/III
I: Right and left arm, II: Right arm and left leg, III: left arm and left leg
What is the effect of strophanine-G on the stimulus conduction in the AV node?
delays stimulus: negative dromotropic
List the main steps of determining the cardiac axis
measure R-wave in each lead, construct vectors, direction of integral vector is c.a.)
Where epinephrine is produced
adrenal medulla
What type acetylchlorine receptors are present in the heart?
muscarinic Ach receptors
What type of of ionchannels does verpamil block?
Ca2+ channels)
List 4 of the effects of the acetylchlorine on the heart?
negative chronotropic, bathmotropic, dromotropic and inotropic effect
Why does atropine inhibit the acetylchlorine effect on the muscarine Ach receptors?
Binds to receptor without stimulating)
Describe a normal PQ segment
AP trough AV. Not enough to create detectable differences. Isoelectric line)
How can the hardness of the pulse be determined?
the power needed to compress it)
List the reg. waves in the ECG of dogs
P, Q, R, S and T)
Effect of epinephrine?
Positive chrono, bathmo, ino and dromotropic)
Antagonist of epinephrine?
Propranolol
Positive waves of ECG humans?
(P, R and T)
Negative waves of the cardiac cycle?
(Q, S and T (except in human and car)
