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Anatomy - Repro > Practical 2 - Station 4: Female Reproductive System > Flashcards

Practical 2 - Station 4: Female Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

Which structures make up the birth canal?

A

Vagina

Cervix

Utrerus

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2
Q

Identify

A
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3
Q

What are the 3 layers of the uterus?

A

Endometrium

Myometrium

Perimetrium

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4
Q

Identify (specifically 2)

A
  1. Ovary
  2. Pouch of douglas
  3. Infundibulum
  4. Posterior fornix
  5. Ureter
  6. Bladder
  7. Vagina
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5
Q

What are the 2 physiological areas of the uterus during pregnancy and what are their functions?

A

Upper part - Fundus (contraction)

Lower part - Cervix and isthmus (dilation and distention)

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6
Q

Which part of the uterus is cut during a caesarean?

A

Lower part

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7
Q

What is normal uterine postition?

A

Anterflexed/anteverted

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8
Q

What is the positioning of the uterus here?

A

Retroflexed

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9
Q

What is a retroflexed uterus in danger of?

A

Incarceration

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10
Q

When is a retroflexed uterus most at risk of incarceration?

A

During pregnancy

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11
Q

What actually is an incarcerated uterus?

A

Uterus gets wedged in the pelvis during growth

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12
Q

During surgery why is it important to know if the uterus is retroverted or anteverted?

A

To avoid instrumental damage

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13
Q

What are the vaginal fornices?

A

Spaces infront and behind the external os

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14
Q

Which fornix sits just in front of the pouch of douglas?

A

Posterior fornix

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15
Q

What is the clinical significance of the posterior fornix sitting in front of the pouch of douglas?

A

Rectovaginal fistulae can occur if the walls are weak

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16
Q

Which ligament is the cardinal ligament?

A

Part of pelvic fascia

Main support of the uterus

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17
Q

Besides pelvic fascia what other structure supports the uterus?

A

Bladder

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18
Q
A
19
Q

Which part of the uterine tube is longest and widest?

A

Ampulla

20
Q

Which part of the uterine tube does fertilisation occur?

A

Ampulla most commonly

21
Q

What type of ectopic pregnancy implants in the intramural part of the fallopian tube?

A

Corneal ectopic

22
Q

Identify

A

Suspensory ligament

23
Q

Identify

A

Ovarian ligament

24
Q

Identify

A

Broad ligament

25
Q

Identify

A

Round ligament

26
Q

What are the main blood supplies of the gonads and genitalia?

A

Gonadal artery

Internal iliac

27
Q

At what vertebral level do the gonadal arteries branch of the aorta?

A

L2

28
Q

Which artery travels through this ligament?

A

Ovarian artery

  • Suspensory ligament
29
Q

Within which ligament does the ovarian artery supply the ovary in?

A

Broad ligament

30
Q

Where does the uterine artery cross the ureter and why is it important to know it crosses the ureter?

A

Level of ischial spine

Junction of the cervix

Lateral part of the fornix

  • Important to know for uterine artery ligation during histerectomy
31
Q

Where does lymph from the labia and distal vagina drain?

A

Superficial inguinal

32
Q

Where does lymph from the ovary drain?

A

Paraarotic lymph nodes

33
Q

Lymph drainage of fundus and upper body of uterus?

A

Pre-aortic lymph nodes

34
Q

Lymph drainage of uterine body

A

Both iliac

Sacral

Pre-aortic

Superficial inguinal

35
Q

Lymph drainage of cervix and upper vagina

A

Internal iliac

Sacral

36
Q

Lymph drainage of lower vagina

A

Superficial inguinal

37
Q

How many lobes does the breast consist of?

A

15-25

38
Q

Surface anatomy of the breast?

A

Vertically: 2nd to 6th rib

Laterally: Sternum border to mid axillary line

39
Q

What muscles are related to the deep surface of the breast?

A

Pectoralis major

Pectoralis minor

Serratus anterior

40
Q

What is the blood supply of the mammary glands?

A

Lateral thoracic (from axillary)

Internal thoracic (from subclavian)

Anterior intercostals

Posterior intercostals

41
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the breast?

A

Lateral part: Axillary

Parasternal

Supraclavicular

Medial part: can drain to opposite breast

42
Q

What is the main difference between an inactive breast and a lactating breast on histology?

A

Inactive - thick stroma and few glands

pregnant/lactating - lots of glands and diminished stroma

43
Q

Is this breast active or inactive and how can you tell?

A

Inactive

  • Few glands
  • High levels of stroma
44
Q

Is this breast active or inactive and how can you tell?

A

Active

  • Lots of glands
  • Diminished stroma

Anatomy - Repro (9 decks)

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