Practical 1 - Station 3: Vessels, nerves and lymph nodes of the pelvis Flashcards
What parts of the pelvic cavity are not supplied by the internal iliac artery?
Testis
Ovary
Upper rectum
What is the blood supply of the testis/ovary?
Gonadal artery
Branch of the abdominal aorta
What is the blood supply of the upper rectum?
Sup rectal artery
Branch of the IMA
What are the main branches of the Internal iliac artery?
Iliolumbar
Sacral
Superior gluteul
Inf gluteul
Inf pudendal
Middle rectal
Uterine
Obturator
What vessels are supplied by the superior and inferior vesical arteries?
Bladder
Seminal vesicle
Prostate
What organs are supplied by the uterine artery?
Uterus
- And branches to form vaginal artery
What organs are supplied by the middle and inferior rectal arteries?
Middle and distal 2/3rds of the rectum
What organs are supplied by the vaginal artery?
Vagina
What is the vaginal artery a branch of?
Uterine artery
What is supplied by the internal pudendal artery?
Perineum
What structures are supplied by the obturator artery?
Pelvic muscles
What are the 5 veins that make up the venous drainage of the pelvis?
Internal iliac
Superior rectal
Median sacral
Gonadal
Internal vertebral venous plexus
What part of the rectum drains into the portal circulation?
Proximal 1/3rd
What part of the rectum drains into systemic circulation?
Distal 2/3rds
What do the veins along the sides and base of the prostate join to form?
The prostatic venous plexus
What venous plexus does the prostatic venous plexus communicate with and why is it clinically significant?
Internal vertebral venous plexuses
- Means cancer can spread to vertebral column and skull
What somatic nerve is responsible for supplying sensation to the skin at the root of the penis and the labia?
Ilioinguinal nerve
What is the course of the ilioinguinal nerve?
Originates at L1
Travels through the inguinal canal
What is the origin of the genitofemoral nerve?
L1-L2
Where does the genitofemoral nerve enter the inguinal canal?
Deep inguinal ring
What structures in the male are supplied by the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve?
Cremaster muscle
Anterior scrotal skin
What muscle does the genitofemoral nerve run along?
Psoas major
What is the origin of the pudendal nerve?
Sacral plexus
What is supplied by the pudendal nerve?
The skin and muscles of the perineum
What vessel does the pudendal nerve run along with to reach the perineum?
Pudendal artery
What are the root values of the pudendal nerve?
S2-S4
What region does the pudendal nerve travel through and how can it be clinical taken advantage of?
The gluteul region
Bilateral pudendal nerve block for pain relief during childbirth
What bony landmarks are used for a pudendal nerve block?
Ischial spine
Ischial tuberosity
What is the SYMPATHETIC supply of the vas deferens, seminal vesicle, prostate and epididymis?
Hypogastric plexus
What are the nerve roots of the SYMPATHETIC hypogastric plexus?
L1-L2
What is the SYMPATHETIC supply of the female genital tract?
Pelvic and ovarian plexuses
What is the PARASYMPATHETIC supply of both female and male erectile organs?
Pelvic splanchnic nerves via the hypogastric plexus
What are the nerve roots of the pelvic splanchnic nerves?
S2, S3, S4
What are the erectile structures in the male?
Corpus cavernosum
What are the erectile structures in the female?
Labia minora
Clitoris
Why are some men unable to ejaculate after rectal surgery?
Damage to the pudendal nerve
What are the main groups of lymph nodes draining the pelvic cavity?
External iliac
Internal iliac
Sacral
Common iliac
Where does the inguinal region drain?
External iliac
Where does the penis drain?
External iliac
Where does the prostate drain?
External iliac
Where does the gluteul region drain?
Internal iliac
Where does the deep perineum drain?
Internal iliac
Where does the inferior pelvic viscera drain?
Internal iliac
Where does the rectum drain?
Sacral
Where does the posterior pelvic wall drain?
Sacral
What do all the external and internal iliac and the sacral lymph nodes drain into?
Common iliac
