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2.2 Haematology > Practical 1: Anaemia Investigations > Flashcards

Practical 1: Anaemia Investigations Flashcards

1
Q

What method do we use to determine Haemoglobin?

A

The Drabkin’s method

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2
Q

Why do we measure haemoglobin
(3)

A

To indirectly evaluate the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood

It can aid in detecting and evaluating blood loss

Can aid in diagnosing and treating anaemia

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3
Q

Define aneamia

A

A lower than normal haemoglobin level

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4
Q

What is the Drabkin’s method also called

A

The cyanmethaemoglobin method

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5
Q

What is the principle behind the Drabkin’s method of measuring haemoglobin
(3)

A

Drabkin’s fluid contains potassium cyanide and potassium ferricyanide

Potassium ferricyanide converts haemoglobin to methemoglobin

Potassium cyanide converts methemoglobin to red coloured cyanmethemoglobin

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6
Q

What is haematocrit
(2)

A

A measurement of the proportion of blood that is made up of red cells

The value is expressed as a fraction of cells in blood

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7
Q

List the red cell indices
(3)

A

Mean corpuscular volume (MCV)

Mean corpuscular Hb (MCH)

Mean corpuscular Hb concentration (MCHC)

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8
Q

What three values do we require to determine our red cell indices?

A

Red blood cell count (RCC)

The Haemoglobin

The Haematocrit

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9
Q

What is the mean corpuscular volume

A

The average volume of a red blood cell expressed in femtolitres

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10
Q

What is the equation for mean corpuscular volume

A

(Hct% x 10)/ RBC (x10^12/L)

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11
Q

What is the mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH)

A

The average weight of Hb in a red blood cell, expressed in picograms

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12
Q

What is the equation for mean corpuscular haemoglobin?

A

Hb/ RBC

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13
Q

What is Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration

A

The average concentration of Hb in a given volume of blood. The units are grams per litre

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14
Q

What is the equation for MCHC

A

Hb x 100/ Hct %

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15
Q

What does MCV indicate

A

Size of the rbcs

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16
Q

What does the MCH indicate

A

The colour of the rbcs

17
Q

What does a low MCV and MCH indicate

A

Microcytic and hypochromic rbcs

18
Q

What causes microcytic and hypochromic rbcs

A

Iron deficiency

Thalassaemia

19
Q

What does a normal MCV and MCH mean

A

Normocytic and normochromic rbcs

20
Q

What diseases will rbcs be normocytic and normochromic?
(4)

A

Blood loss (acute)

Haemolysis

Chronic disease

Marrow infiltration

21
Q

What does raised MCV indicate

A

Macrocytic rbcs

22
Q

What causes macrocytic rbcs

A

Megaloblastic anaemias

23
Q

At what absorbance should your Drabkin’s assay be read

A

540nm

24
Q

For how long should you incubate your assay

A

5 mins at room temperature

25
Q

How do you carry out a haematocrit

A

3/4 fill a capillary tube with blood

Seal the end of the tube

Place in centrifuge -> 5mins at 12,000g

Read Hct using reader provided

2.2 Haematology (38 decks)

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