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mcb 244/245 > practical 1 > Flashcards

practical 1 Flashcards

1
Q

anatomy

A

study of structures in the human body

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2
Q

physiology

A

study of how body parts function together

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3
Q

homeostasis

A

tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements

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4
Q

cells

A

basic structural & functional unit of a living organism

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5
Q

tissues

A

groups of similar types of cells performing a common function for body

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6
Q

organs

A

composed of two or more tissue types that perform a specific function for body

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7
Q

anatomical position

A

-standing erect & looking ahead
-hands at sides & palms forward
-legs parallel & feet & toes forward

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8
Q

regional terms

A

study of body’s structure by region

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9
Q

directional terms

A

positions of structures relative to other structures/locations in body

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10
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

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11
Q

a-

A

without

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12
Q

ab-

A

away from

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13
Q

ad-

A

to, toward

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14
Q

ante-

A

before

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15
Q

anti-

A

against

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16
Q

auto-

A

self

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17
Q

bene-

A

good

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18
Q

bi-

A

twice, 2

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19
Q

-blast

A

precursor, germ cell

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20
Q

brachi-

A

arm

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21
Q

cephal-

A

head

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22
Q

cereb-

A

brain

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23
Q

chondr-

A

cartilage

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24
Q

-clast

A

break

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25
Q

com-

A

with, together

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26
Q

corpus

A

body/mass

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27
Q

dura-

A

hard

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28
Q

ecto-

A

outside, outer

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29
Q

endo-

A

within, inner

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30
Q

epi-

A

upon, following

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31
Q

erythro-

A

red

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32
Q

fibr-

A

fibrous

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33
Q

hema-

A

blood

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34
Q

hyper-

A

above, excessive

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35
Q

hypo-

A

below, deficient

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36
Q

infra-

A

under, below

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37
Q

inter-

A

between

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38
Q

intra-

A

within

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39
Q

iso-

A

equal, like

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40
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

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41
Q

juxta-

A

near, adjacent

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42
Q

leuko-

A

white

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43
Q

macro-

A

large

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44
Q

medi-

A

middle

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45
Q

meso-

A

in the middle

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46
Q

micro-

A

small

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47
Q

myo-

A

muscle

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48
Q

neuro-

A

nerve

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49
Q

osse-

A

bone

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50
Q

osteo-

A

bone

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51
Q

para-

A

near, beside

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52
Q

-pathy

A

disease

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53
Q

peri-

A

surrounding, around

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54
Q

physio-

A

nature

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55
Q

-physis

A

growth

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56
Q

poly-

A

many, much

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57
Q

pseudo-

A

false

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58
Q

quad-

A

fourfold, 4

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59
Q

rami-

A

branch

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60
Q

semi-

A

half

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61
Q

serrat-

A

saw-edged, toothed

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62
Q

stria-

A

stripe, band

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63
Q

sub-

A

under, below

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64
Q

supra-

A

over, above

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65
Q

trans-

A

across

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66
Q

tri-

A

threefold, 3

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67
Q

coronal/frontal plane

A

vertical plane that divides body/organ into anterior & posterior parts

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68
Q

transverse plane

A

horizontal plane dividing the structure into superior & inferior parts

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69
Q

sagittal plane

A

vertical plane dividing body into left & right parts

70
Q

midsagittal plane

A

vertical plane dividing body into equal left & right halves

71
Q

anterior/ventral

A

towards the front/belly side

72
Q

posterior/dorsal

A

towards the back/spinal cord side

73
Q

superior/cephalic/rostral

A

towards the head

74
Q

inferior/caudal

A

towards the feet

75
Q

medial

A

towards midline of body

76
Q

lateral

A

towards side of body

77
Q

ipsilateral

A

on same side

78
Q

contralateral

A

on opposite side

79
Q

deep

A

closer to inside

80
Q

superficial

A

closer to surface of body

81
Q

proximal

A

closer to point of attachment

82
Q

distal

A

away from point of attachment

83
Q

cephalic

A

head

84
Q

frontal

A

forehead

85
Q

orbital

A

eye

86
Q

nasal

A

nose

87
Q

buccal

A

cheek

88
Q

oral

A

mouth

89
Q

mental

A

chin

90
Q

axillary

A

armpit

91
Q

mammary

A

breast

92
Q

pectoral

A

chest

93
Q

sternal

A

sternum

94
Q

abdominal

A

abdomen

95
Q

pelvic

A

pelvis

96
Q

coxal

A

hip

97
Q

inguinal

A

groin

98
Q

pubic

A

genital

99
Q

cervical

A

neck

100
Q

deltoid

A

shoulder

101
Q

brachial

A

arm

102
Q

antecubital

A

front of elbow

103
Q

olecranal

A

elbow

104
Q

antebrachial

A

forearm

105
Q

carpal

A

wrist

106
Q

dorsum of hand

A

back of hand

107
Q

manus

A

hand

108
Q

palmar

A

palm

109
Q

digital

A

finger

110
Q

femoral

A

thigh

111
Q

patellar

A

kneecap

112
Q

popliteal

A

back of knee

113
Q

crural

A

leg

114
Q

sural

A

calf

115
Q

calcaneal

A

heel

116
Q

plantar surface

A

sole

117
Q

tarsal

A

ankle

118
Q

dorsum of foot

A

top of foot

119
Q

digital

A

toe

120
Q

pes

A

foot

121
Q

cranial

A

surrounding the brain

122
Q

occipital

A

back of head

123
Q

auricular

A

ear

124
Q

thoracic

A

chest area

125
Q

vertebral

A

spinal column

126
Q

lumbar

A

lower back

127
Q

sacral

A

sacrum

128
Q

gluteal

A

buttock

129
Q

perineal

A

genital area

130
Q

integumentary system

A

forms two-way barrier; aids in temp regulation

131
Q

skeletal system

A

provides support & protection

132
Q

muscular system

A

produces body movement

133
Q

nervous system

A

receives sensory information & coordinates a response

134
Q

endocrine system

A

regulates metabolic activity (hormones)

135
Q

cardiovascular system

A

pumps blood to transport nutrients & remove wastes

136
Q

lymphatic system

A

protects body from disease & pathogens

137
Q

respiratory system

A

brings oxygen in & takes carbon dioxide out

138
Q

urinary system

A

filters waste from blood & removes wastes from body

139
Q

digestive/gastrointestinal system

A

ingests, digest, & absorbs nutrients

140
Q

reproductive system

A

produces sex cells

141
Q

microscope head

A

upper part that houses optical components

142
Q

ocular lens

A

magnifies image produced by microscope & objective so it can be seen by human eye

143
Q

microscope arm

A

part that connects eyepiece tube to base; used to carry microscope

144
Q

nosepiece

A

circular structure that contains objective lenses & allows user to switch lenses

145
Q

objective lenses

A

lenses that directly observe object being examined; magnify specimen at different intensities (4x, 10x, 40x, 100x)

146
Q

course adjustment knob

A

rapid control that allows for quick focusing by moving stage up/down; focuses image under low power

147
Q

fine adjustment knob

A

small knob used to bring specimen into sharp focus under medium/high power

148
Q

microscope base

A

bottom of microscope used for support

149
Q

lamp/light source

A

light source that illuminates area under microscope lens

150
Q

light control knob

A

controls intensity of light source

151
Q

power switch

A

turns microscope on/off & turns on illumination

152
Q

microscope stage

A

small platform that holds & moves specimen for examination

153
Q

mechanical stage

A

holds & moves slide

154
Q

mechanical stage controls

A

controls movement of stage back & forth to allow examination of slide

155
Q

stage clips

A

holds slide in place

156
Q

aperture

A

measure of ability to gather light & resolve detail at fixed object distance

157
Q

condenser

A

lens located within/below stage; gathers light & concentrates it into a cone of light that illuminates specimen

158
Q

condenser adjustment knob

A

used to precisely adjust vertical height of condenser

159
Q

iris diaphragm

A

regulates how much light passes through specimen

160
Q

field of view

A

maximum area visible when looking

161
Q

working distance

A

distance from front lens to closest surface

162
Q

total magnification

A

combination of magnification of eyepiece & objective lens

163
Q

eyepiece

A

magnifies image

164
Q

osmosis

A

special type of diffusion that involves movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from higher to lower concentration

165
Q

diffusion

A

net movement of molecules from areas of higher to lower concentration

166
Q

hypertonic

A

solution w/ higher concentration of solutes (more water)

167
Q

hypotonic

A

solution w/ lower concentrations of solutes (less water)

168
Q

isotonic

A

equal osmotic concentrations of two solutions

169
Q

passive transport

A

type of membrane transport that doesn’t require energy

170
Q

active transport

A

process that moves substances against concentration gradient & requires energy expenditure in form of ATP breakdown

mcb 244/245 (8 decks)

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